Running Injuries Flashcards
how many foot strikes are there per mile?
1k - 1.7k
what % of runners sustain an injury within a 1yr period?
70%
what are the most common running injuries?
- patellar pain syndrome
- tibial stress syndrome
- achilles tendonitis
- plantar fasciitis
- ITB syndrome
what is the most common site of LE injuries in runners?
- knee (7.2 - 50%)
- foot (5.7-39.3%)
- thigh (3.4-38.1%)
- lower leg (9.0-32.2%)
what is the most common site of chronic running injury?
anterior knee pain // extensor mechanism of the knee
what does the extensor mechanism of the knee do at IC?
absorbs 42% of energy
is up to 5x higher during running vs walking
places much greater stress on quads muscles/tendons and patellar ligament
difference between Osgood-Schlatter’s and Sinding-Larsen-Johansson?
OGS: pain at tibial tuberosity
SLJ: pain at inferior pole of patella
why is PFJP (patellofemoral joint pain) increased in female runners?
- increased hip width
- increased hip adduction
- increased femoral IR coupled w/ Add
- increased Q angle and TF valgus
what does a medial heel whip look like?
- heel is pointed medially at toe off
what does a lateral heel whip look like?
heel is pointed laterally at toe off
what are causes of a medial heel whip?
- weak hip IRs
- tight hip ERs
- tight ITBs
- lacking DF to clear toes
- hamstring imbalance (weaker medial vs lateral)
- improper footwear
what are causes of a lateral heel whip?
- weak hip ERs
- tight hip IRs
- tight add. magnus
- hamstring imbalance (weaker lateral vs medial)
- weak hip ext / lacking hip ext. ROM
characteristics of a flat foot (pes planus)?
- tend to have foot hypermobility
- predisposed to over-pronation
- foot remainds pronated, unstable during toe off
- center of weight shifted to medial portion of foot
- ***increased medial foot, leg, and knee stress from excessive internal tibial rotation
what is a flat foot more at risk for injury wise?
foot absorbs greater stress
- post. tib. tendonitis
- anterior knee pain
- shin splints
- achilles tendonitis
- metatarsal stress fx
characteristics of a high-arch foot (pes cavus)?
- tend to have reduced forfoot mobility
- predisposed to under-pronation
- foot remainds in supinated, rigid, position during pronation phase
- center of weight remainds on lateral portion of foot
- reduced shock absorption
what is a high-arch foot more at risk for injury wise?
foot may be more rigid
- tibial (shin) stress fx
- lateral hip, knee, and/or ankle pain
- ITB syndrome
- 5th metatarsal stress fx
what causes ITB syndrome?
friction between ITB and lateral femoral condyle
how does ITB syndrome present?
tenderness in region of distal ITB
what does the ITB do in activity?
grf produces external varus movement, so ITB stabilizes knee against this w TFL/glut med and generates internal valgus movement to maintain upright position
when is there peak valgus moment from the ITB in running?
peak valgus moment is 2.5x greater and when knee is at point of max stance-phase flexion (45°)
what is the presenting symptom for achilles tendinopathy?
pain/tenderness along course of tendon
what is the range of peak forces in the achilles tendon during MSt?
6-8x BW
what causes achilles tendon injuries?
active muscle forces that occur during MSt rather than impact forces that occur at IC
what is the most common presenting symptom of plantar fasciitis?
pain, especially on rising in morning
tenderness along course of plantar fascia or at origin on medial aspect of calcaneal tuberosity
