Standard 8 - Terms & Definitions

Question 1

Nixon’s campaign slogan: he used it to communicate that race riots (among other things) would be put down during his presidency

Answer 1

“Law and Order”

Question 2

Program that Clinton and the Republicans passed in the 90’s to reduce the number of people on welfare

Answer 2

“Welfare to Work”

Question 3

Line that divided Vietnam in Communist and Non-Communist Zones before fighting broke out

Answer 3

17th Parallel

Question 4

Military chemicals used in Vietnam that caused many to wonder if our government was in the right

Answer 4

Agent Orange / Napalm

Question 5

Alabama city where protests, boycotts, and sit ins were used to draw national attention to Jim Crow laws in the South

Answer 5

Birmingham

Question 6

Militant African American political organization that fought for equal rights - their tactics often scared white people

Answer 6

Black Panthers

Question 7

Movement designed to restore pride to the AA community; was often criticized for being too militant

Answer 7

Black Power

Question 8

Supreme Court case that desegregated schools & overturned Plessey v. Ferguson

Answer 8

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS

Question 9

The idea that an immoral law can be broken peacefully to draw attention to it.

Answer 9

Civil Disobedience

Question 10

Law that made it illegal to discriminate on the basis of race, color, sex, or national origin

Answer 10

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Question 11

Group that wants smaller government, less change in society, and more personal freedom

Answer 11

Conservatives / Reublicans

Question 12

Nixon’s attempt to lessen tensions between the US and Russia

Answer 12

Détente

Question 13

Political party formed when southern Democrats were frustrated with Truman’s desegregation of the military. They wouldn’t vote Republican, but didn’t like what the Democrats were doing either.

Answer 13

Dixiecrats

Question 14

The Cold War-era idea that if one country fell to Communism, all the others around it would also fall. This idea pushed us to involvement in both Korea and Vietnam.

Answer 14

Domino Theory

Question 15

Proposed Constitutional Amendment that would have made it illegal to discriminate in any way based on sex. It was defeated.

Answer 15

Equal Rights Amendment

Question 16

Organization of European countries that parallels the US’s Federal System - together these countries make economic decisions that impact all of the member states

Answer 16

European Union

Question 17

Event when black & white students rode together in buses into the south to test whether they were allowing desegregated interstate travel. Many were beaten.

Answer 17

Freedom Rides

Question 18

Mid-1960’s event when many middle class white students tried to help poorer AA’s in the South register to vote. Violence ensued.

Answer 18

Freedom Summer

Question 19

The agreement that lowered tariffs among many developed countries around the world

Answer 19

GATT

Question 20

Agreement between N&S Vietnam agreeing that an election would be held to determine if it would become Communist or Democratic

Answer 20

Geneva Accords

Question 21

Gorbechev’s policy of “openness” in the media - the government would control the media less than it had in the past

Answer 21

Glastnost

Question 22

Series of laws passed under LBJ to try to desegregate society & bring a higher standard of living to poorer Americans (Medicare, Medicaid, Head Start, etc.)

Answer 22

Great Society

Question 23

People who support going to war

Answer 23

Hawks

Question 24

Part of LBJ’s Great Society designed to help educate poor inner city preschoolers

Answer 24

Head Start

Question 25

Communist leader of North Vietnam

Answer 25

Ho Chi Minh

Question 26

The trail used to supply the Viet Cong in South Vietnam with weapons & supplies. Nixon bombed it and in doing so, expanded the war into Laos and Cambodia.

Answer 26

Ho Chi Minh Trail

Question 27

The US fought two wars against this Middle Eastern country led by Saddam Hussein - the first was because he tried to control Kuwait's oil, the second was because he may have had Weapons of Mass Destruction

Answer 27

Iraq

Question 28

Under this President, inflation increased, the US experienced an energy crisis, and hostages were taken at the American embassy in Iran.

Answer 28

Jimmy Carter

Question 29

Ohio University where the National Guard killed five students who were protesting the Vietnam War

Answer 29

Kent State

Question 30

Group that wants a stronger government, more changes in society, and more regulation on businesses.

Answer 30

Liberals

Question 31

Civil rights leader who sometimes advocated violence against whites

Answer 31

Malcom X

Question 32

The government program that helps poorer citizens pay for health care

Answer 32

Medicaid

Question 33

The government program that helps elderly citizens pay for health care

Answer 33

Medicare

Question 34

Leader of Russia who took over in the mid '80s and brought about a number of reforms such as "glastnost" and "perestroika"

Answer 34

Mikhail Gorbachev

Question 35

After the arrest of Rosa Parks, this movement brought about the end of segregated bus seating in the South by encouraging all AA's to refuse spending $$ on the Montgomery Bus system

Answer 35

Montgomery Bus Boycott

Question 36

Event in Vietnam where American soldiers opened fire on unarmed men, women, and children - this caused Americans to question their government further

Answer 36

My Lai Massacre

Question 37

Agreement between the US, Canada, and Mexico reducing tariffs and other barriers to free trade.

Answer 37

NAFTA

Question 38

Organization dedicated to fighting for equality of women in America - copies many tactics used in the Civil Rights movement

Answer 38

National Organization of Women (NOW)

Question 39

Law passed during the Bush administration stating that students should be tested to make sure they're getting the basic skills they need

Answer 39

No Child Left Behind

Question 40

Arab organization dedicated to the eradication (wiping out) of the state of Israel

Answer 40

Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)

Question 41

Documents leaked during the Vietnam Era indicating that the US government hadn't been totally truthful to the people about actions in Vietnam

Answer 41

Pentagon Papers

Question 42

"Trickle Down" or "Supply Side" economics - The idea that if corporations and rich people have more $$, it will filter down to the other classes as well.

Answer 42

Reaganomics

Question 43

States such as SC in which workers do not have to be members of unions in order to hold a job

Answer 43

Right to Work States

Question 44

Supreme court case that legalized abortion in the US

Answer 44

Roe v. Wade

Question 45

Part of the country where a number of factories have closed down as jobs moved overseas or to the south

Answer 45

Rust Belt

Question 46

March organized where the AA marchers were planning on registering to vote. The march was broken up violently by police. News crews captured the images & sent them around the country. As a direct result, the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was passed.

Answer 46

Selma March

Question 47

Type of diplomacy where the US had a negotiator travel between hostile Middle Eastern countries

Answer 47

Shuttle Diplomacy

Question 48

Nixon's election strategy in which he stated that the South could determine on its own how to obey laws about desegregation. As a result, the South began voting for him & future Republicans.

Answer 48

Southern Strategy

Question 49

When the economy doesn't grow, but inflation is increasing

Answer 49

Stagflation

Question 50

Conservatives usually believe in this type of economics in which $$ is given to the wealthy in order to create jobs so that lower and middle class workers can obtain wealth

Answer 50

Supply Side (or Trickle Down) Economics

Question 51

Period in the late 2000's (beginning in 2008) when many Americans lost their jobs and homes

Answer 51

The Great Recession

Question 52

Resolution passed by Congress allowing LBJ to deploy troops to Vietnam without further approval from Congress

Answer 52

Tonkin Gulf Resolution

Question 53

North Vietnamese Communists who fought against the South

Answer 53

Viet Cong

Question 54

Nixon's plan to train the Vietnamese to fight against the Viet Cong so that the US could pull troops out.

Answer 54

Vietnamization

Question 55

Law passed by LBJ making it illegal to use poll taxes and literacy tests

Answer 55

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Question 56

Law restricting the President's power to deploy troops without the consent of Congress (passed after Vietnam)

Answer 56

War Powers Act

Question 57

Name of the hotel (and scandal) where Nixon's campaign advisors broke into the Democratic Headquarters. This led to Nixon's resignation so he could avoid being impeached.

Answer 57

Watergate

Question 58

Term for people who are usually against going to war

Answer 58

Doves

Question 59

Term for the Southern states where many factories moved from the 1960's on

Answer 59

Sun Belt

Question 60

Gorbechav's economic policy of "restructuring" to be more like a free market economy

Answer 60

Perestroika

Question 61

Trend in the 1980's of having less government oversight in industry

Answer 61

Deregulation

Question 62

Conservative Republican President in the 1980's who believed in Trickle Down Economics, Deregulation, and increased defense spending.

Answer 62

Ronald Reagan

Question 63

During the 1980's and early 1990's the income gap between rich and poor got ______________

Answer 63

Wider

Question 64

During the Clinton era, the national debt _______________

Answer 64

Decreased - we had a budget surplus!

Question 65

Hyperinflation was a problem face primarily in which decade?

Answer 65

1970's

Question 66

What major impact has globalization had on the American economy?

Answer 66

We now have access to more goods at cheaper prices