Standards, Laws, and Management Strategies

Question 1

Was commissioned in 1946 by the Commission on Human Rights after the Second World War, and it was the first of its kind to establish fundamental human rights.

Answer 1

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Question 2

This reaffirms all persons with all types of disabilities must enjoy all human rights
and fundamental freedoms.

Answer 2

Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

Question 3

This law was adopted on June 27, 2013 and its main goal is to ensure that print media is made available to visually disabled people.

Answer 3

The Marrakesh Treaty

Question 4

This charter brings together the fundamental rights of everyone living in the EU.

It became legally binding on EU Member States when the Treaty of Lisbon entered into force in December 2009.

Answer 4

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union

Question 5

This article of The Charter recognizes and respects the right of persons with disabilities to benefit from
measures designed to ensure their independence, social and occupational integration
and participation in the life of the community.

Answer 5

Article 26: Integration of persons with disabilities

Question 6

This article states that any discrimination based on any ground such as sex, race, color, ethnic or social origin, genetic features, language, religion or belief, political or any other opinion, membership of a national minority, property, birth, disability, age or sexual orientation shall be prohibited.

Answer 6

Article 21: Non-discrimination

Question 7

Article 2 of this charter recognizes the rights of all people, although it doesn’t explicitly specify disability.

The charter states that “Every individual shall be entitled to the enjoyment of the rights and freedoms recognized and guaranteed in the present Charter without distinction of any kind such as race, ethnic group, color, sex, language, religion, political or any other opinion, national and social origin, fortune, birth or any status.”

Answer 7

The African Charter on Human and People’s Rights

Question 8

This Convention reaffirmed that people with disabilities have the same rights and freedoms as other people. Articles II and III discuss the objectives of the Convention, as well as outline how they will be accomplished.

“The objectives of this Convention are to prevent and eliminate all forms of discrimination against persons with disabilities and to promote their full integration into society.”

Answer 8

The Inter-American Convention on the Elimination
of All Forms of Discrimination Against Persons with
Disabilities

Question 9

True or False; In the last 30 years, there’s been a shift from the medical to the social model of disability and that has been the main driver of new laws, conventions and practices around disability.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

This act was passed in the United Kingdom in 2010. Its purpose was to unify and strengthen anti-discrimination laws in the workplace and society. It is also one of the main laws related to web accessibility in the UK.

Answer 10

The Equality Act 2010

Question 11

This act is a civil rights law that puts in place protections for people with disabilities, similar to those provided to on the basis of race, color, sex, national origin, age, and religion.

It guarantees equal opportunities for people with disabilities in public accommodations, employment, transportation, state and local government services, and telecommunications.

Answer 11

The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

Question 12

The Ontarians with Disabilities Act, with ongoing refinements, ensures the rights of
people with disabilities to equal opportunities and to be free from discrimination.

Answer 12

Ontarians with Disabilities Act of 2001

Question 13

True or False; The ADA pertains to individuals, private, state and federal entities.

Answer 13

False; The ADA only pertains to businesses and other organizations open to the public and federal and state government entities.

Question 14

True or False; The ADA is enforced by the government.

Answer 14

False; It is enforced by consumers (people with disabilities) filing formal complaints.

Question 15

When signed, this Act makes sure that accessibility laws enacted in the 1980s and 1990s are brought up to date with the latest technologies, including new digital, broadband, and mobile innovations.

Answer 15

21st Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act (CVAA)

Question 16

This Act prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability in air travel. The Department of Transportation has a rule defining the rights of passengers and the obligations of airlines under this law. This rule applies to all flights of U.S. airlines, and to flights to or from the United States by foreign airlines.

Answer 16

Air Carrier Access Amendments Act of 2017

Question 17

This Act requires the U.S. federal government to take accessibility into account when procuring information technologies: websites, telephones, copiers, computers, and other technologies, including both hardware and software.

In January 2017, this Act underwent a refresh that was many years in the making. A significant change is that the WCAG level A and AA guidelines are now incorporated by reference and required by this Act.

Answer 17

Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act

Question 18

Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act and EN 301 549 are two examples of what types of law?

Answer 18

Procurement laws

Question 19

When it comes to acquiring technologies, there are laws that specifically spell out standards and requirements for purchasing, and these requirements may even address accessibility. What are these laws called?

Answer 19

Procurement laws

Question 20

Titled “Accessibility requirements for ICT products and services,” this standard has been set up to create equal European procurement requirements in terms of accessibility.

Answer 20

EN 301 549

Question 21

This took effect in September 2018, establishes the accessibility standards rules that all public sector websites and applications in EU member states must implement, maintain, and enforce or risk fines and legal penalties

Answer 21

The European Union Web Accessibility Directive 2016 / 2102

Question 22

This was passed by the European Commission in June 2019, and
covers products and services identified as most important for people with disabilities
and requires all private businesses including manufacturers, representatives, importers and distributors (except microenterprises) to make a range of products and services accessible for persons with disabilities including technologies such as ATMs, ticket machines, smartphones, Ebooks, etc

Answer 22

The European Accessibility Act

Question 23

This initiative provides detailed recommendations for planning, implementing, and sustaining an organizational ICT accessibility program

Answer 23

The World Wide Web Consortium’s Web Accessibility Initiative

Question 24

These guidelines are published as a freely available resource, and are designed for
organizations that want to ensure the information they produce is accessible.

Answer 24

European Agency for Special Needs & Inclusive Education Guidelines

Question 25

This was developed by Carnegie Mellon University. It is an IT process improvement model that was initially designed for software development, but it can be applied to measure an organization’s ICT accessibility maturity.

Answer 25

The Capability Maturity Model

Question 26

This was developed as a self-assessment tool to help organizations benchmark their progress in all aspects of accessibility.

It is based on the Accessible Technology Charter, which lays out ten commitments
to good practices in ICT accessibility. Organizations make a public commitment to
accessibility when they sign the Charter.

Answer 26

Business Disability Forum’s Accessibility Maturity Model

Question 27

True or False; Launching and sustaining an accessibility program requires champions from key areas across the organization.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

True or False; The W3C recommends evaluating accessibility at the end of the design + development process.

Answer 28

False; The W3C recommends evaluating early and throughout the design and development process.