STAS 1 Flashcards
(56 cards)
1
Q
a knowledge – systematize body of knowledge around us
A
SCIENCE
2
Q
flied of systematic inquiry into nature
A
SCIENCE
3
Q
a form of a human cultural activity.
A
SCIENCE
4
Q
a total societal enterprise
A
SCIENCE
5
Q
Science process
A
I. Identify the problem (question)
II. Gather data (research)
III. Hypothesis
IV. Test hypothesis (experiment)
V. Does the new data agree?
6
Q
Major division of science
A
- Social sciences
- Formal sciences
- Applied sciences
- Natural sciences
7
Q
which study people and societies
A
Social sciences
8
Q
which use formal systems to generate knowledge.
A
Formal sciences
9
Q
which study the material or physical world.
A
Natural sciences
10
Q
which apply existing scientific knowledge to develop more practical application.
A
Applied sciences
11
Q
3 main branches of natural science
A
- Life / biological sciences
- Physical sciences
- Earth/space sciences
12
Q
- Any science that deals with organisms, their life process, and their interrelationships.
- Study of living things also known as biology
A
Life / biological sciences
13
Q
Major branches of biological science
A
- Botany
- Zoology
14
Q
A
15
Q
the science of plants life.
A
Botany
16
Q
science that covers animals and animal life.
A
Zoology
17
Q
- Any of the science dealing with inanimate matter or with energy, physics, chemistry
- Study of non-living things.
A
Physical science
18
Q
Branches of physical science
A
- Chemistry
- Physics
19
Q
science that deals with the composition, properties, reactions, and the structure of matter. It is regarded as the “central science”
A
Chemistry
20
Q
study of matter and energy and the interactions between them, it is regarded as the fundamental science
A
Physics
21
Q
- Any of the various science that deals with the earth and space, its composition, or any of its changing aspects.
- Study of earth and space
A
Earth / space sciences
22
Q
Branches of Earth/Space Sciences
A
- Geology
- Hydrology
- Meteorology
- Astronomy
- Paleontology
23
Q
- the study of solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed and the processes by which they change.
- Study of earth.
A
Geology
24
Q
- the study of the movement, distribution, and quality of water on Earth and other planets.
- Study of water.
A
Hydrology
25
- study of the atmosphere and its phenomena, such as weather and climate.
- Study of atmospheric
Meteorology
26
- study of the universe beyond the earth's atmosphere.
- Study of heavenly bodies.
Astronomy
27
- study of the forms of life that existed in prehistoric or geologic periods.
- Study of fossils
Paleontology
28
- Systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to stablish facts and reach new conclusions.
- Refers to a process of acquiring knowledge.
- We do this to gather information to form a science.
Research
29
Types of research
1. Fundamental / basic research
2. Applied research
3. Mission-oriented research
30
type of research that is focus on basic knowledge
Fundamental / basic research
31
using other concepts.
Applied research
32
goal-oriented research.
Mission-oriented research
33
refer to technology as a product.
1. Technology as technics
34
– is as the process.
2. Technology as technology
35
focus on doing a technology.
3. Technology as a form of a human cultural activity
35
technology as a whole.
4. Technology as a total societal enterprise
36
Technological process
I. Identification of a specific need.
II. Conceptualization of plan.
III. Execution of plan
37
Types of technology
1. Material technology
2. Equipment technology
3. Energy technology
4. Information technology
5. Life technology
6. Management technology
38
- Deals with the extraction, fabrication, processing, combination and synthesis of materials.
Material technology
39
- Deals with the design and fabrication of tools, instrument, devices, and machines.
Equipment technology
40
- Deals with the generation, conversion, and distribution of various forms of energy.
Energy technology
41
- Deals with the storage, processing, retrieval, transmission and utilization of information.
Information technology
42
- Deals with the preservation, repair, maintenance, reproduction, and improvement of living systems.
Life technology / biotechnology
43
- Deals with the planning, organization, coordination, and control of social activities.
Management technology
44
Classification of technology
1st wave technology
2nd wave technology
3rd wave technology
45
- Comprising the pre-industrial technologies with are labor-intensive, small-scale, decentralized and based on empirical rather than scientific knowledge.
1st wave technology
46
- Comprising the industrial technologies which were developed since the time of industrial revolution until the end of world war II.
2nd wave technology
47
- Refers to the community, nation or broad grouping of people having common traditions, institutions and activities.
Society
48
- Comprising the post-industrial or the high technologies which are called science-intensive since they are based on the modern scientific knowledge of structures, properties and interaction of molecules, atoms, and nuclei.
3rd wave technology
49
Evolution of society
1. Hunter and gatherer societies
2. Shifting and farming societies
3. Agricultural and mining societies
4. Manufacturing and processing societies
5. Synthesizing and recycling societies
50
- E.g. slash and burn farming
Shifting and farming societies
51
- The most primitive of all societies.
Hunter and gatherer societies
52
- Both depend on the natural resources of the world to sustain the needs of the people but both entail the risk of environmental damage.
Agricultural and mining societies
53
- The use of coal marked the start of industrialization.
Manufacturing and processing societies
54
- Production of synthetic food and other resources and recycling of nonrenewable resources.
Synthesizing and recycling societies
55
Importance of science and technology to society
1. Military significance
2. Economic significance
3. Medical significance
4. Human successes and failure
5. Threats to human survival
6. Ethical dilemmas
7. Disparities in human well-being
8. Social and cultural roles
