STAS: THE HUMAN PERSON FLOURISHING IN TERMS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Question 1

“The unexamined life is not worth living”

Answer 1

Socrates

Question 2

“The unexamined life [use of technology] is not worth
living”

Answer 2

Socrates

Question 3

There are pollutants that are products of
technology

Answer 3

(plastics, metals, radical wastes,
etc.)

Question 4

Love of wisdom (philos and sofia)

An activity people undertake when they seek to
understand fundamental truths about themselves, the world in which they live, and their relationships
to the world and to each other

Answer 4

PHILOSOPHY

Question 5

studies the character of
technology and its relations to society

Answer 5

Philosophy of technology

Question 6

• This views technology as basically a means to an
end

Answer 6

ARISTOTELIANISM

Question 7

technology is the organizing of
techniques in order to meet the demand that is
being posed by humans
• This may seem that technology is primarily
concerned with the product

Answer 7

ARISTOTELIANISM

Question 8

ARISTOTLE’S FOUR CAUSES

Answer 8

• Causa Materialis or the Material Cause (-silver)
• Causa Formalis or the Formal Cause (-form or
  shape)
• Cuasa Finalis or the Final Cause (-the purpose)
• Causa Efficiens or the Efficient Cause (-agent
  who made the technology: silversmith)

Question 9

is strongly supported by technologists and
engineers and also by ordinary people who believe
that technology can alleviate all the difficulties and
provide solutions for problems that may come.

Answer 9

TECHNOLOGICAL OPTIMISM

Question 10

• The extreme version of this philosophy is
technocratism which holds technology as the
supreme authority on everything.
• Technology is beneficial in many ways but can also
be harmful in many ways.

Answer 10

TECHNOLOGICAL OPTIMISM

Question 11

(t or f)

Technological optimism believes that technology is
the answer to all man’s problems

Answer 11

true

Question 12

French philosopher Holds
that technology is progressive and beneficial in
many ways, it is also doubtful in many ways.

Answer 12

Jacques Ellul

Question 13

According to Ellul’s pessimistic arguments are:

Answer 13

• technological progress has a price
• technological progress creates more problems
• technological progress creates damaging effects
• technological progress creates unpredictable
  devastating effects

Question 14

The main concern of this view is the existence or
the mode of being of someone or something which
is governed by the norm of authenticity.

Revolve around the meaning or existence of a
thing or person

Answer 14

EXISTENTIALISM

Question 15

a philosopher is one of the most
known supporters of this philosophy.

• His inquires are about the essence of
  technology

Answer 15

Martin Heidegger

Question 16

A well-known German philosopher, examined the
two usual definitions of technology: means to an
end and a human activity, because he believed that
this kind of confusing and there are questions to it
that we easily overlook.

Answer 16

Martin Heidegger

Question 17

• He called it the instrumental and anthropological
definition of technology or simply means by which
the human ends are realized.

Answer 17

Martin Heidegger

Question 18

According to Martin Heidegger, why there is a need
to question the essence of technology?

Answer 18

• For us to be masters of technology.

Question 19

Why perceiving the essence of technology through
its instrumentality or as “means to an end” could
brought problems?

Answer 19

• We become slaves of technology

Question 20

What is the essence of technology aside from its
uses or instrumentality?

Answer 20

• Technology is a way of revealing (physis and
  poesies)
• Physis: manipulating (use the thing for
  manipulation; tree as a chair, etc.)
• Poiesis: revealing occurring in artists and poets
  (appreciation)

Question 21

Is the essence of modern technology different from
the essence of prior technologies? How?

Answer 21

• The revealing of technology before and the
  modern is different, but both can still be used.
• Old technology (purely physis without
  enframing)
• Modern technology (beyond the way of nature;
  enframing)

Question 22

What is “enframing”? What is the danger posed by
“enframing”?

Answer 22

• Treats the nature as a standing reserve

Question 23

According to Martin Heidegger, how to prevent the
unwanted consequences of “enframing”?

Answer 23

• We can rely on the other way of revealing
  which is poiesis.
• Learn how to appreciate nature or life

Question 24

shared that, we can’t turn to science
for an answer because in the first place, science
identified human with varied opinion and limited
evidence.

Answer 24

Smith (2012)

Question 25

recognized that the possession of intellect distinguishes a human being from another creature.

Answer 25

Blakemore and Greenfield ( 1987; as cited in Bernaldez, 2001)

Question 26

According to______________, it was originally the fundamental question of philosophy, which was pursued by the ancient Greek philosophers but later on neglected, if not forgotten, in Western philosophy.

Answer 26

Heidegger

Question 27

Furthermore, he argued that asking for the meaning of the term “being” doesn’t suggest that the “inquirer” has no idea about it because in the first place, the meaning of “being” is associated with the concept of existence, which means that the “inquirer” already has the idea on the term “however vague or incomplete”. The “inquirer” obviously refers to “man” as “being”, focuses to the “what” of human existence.

Answer 27

Heidegger

Question 28

used the term “dasein” which literally means “being there” focuses on the “mode of existence” or the “who” of “Dasein”. The “modes of existence” is fundamentally established by two things: 1. Dasein exist in a world 2. Dasein has a self that it defines as it exist in such world. (Mabaquiao, n.d) • Hence this support human being’s capacity to decide on what is good or bad for them.

Answer 28

Heidegger

Question 29

(t or f) It has been discussed that human being is endowed with innate abilities and characteristics that let him sustain his function and to survive in the given environment

Answer 29

true

Question 30

his teachings suggest that each man’s life has a purpose and that the function of one’s life is to attain that purpose.

Answer 30

Aristotle

Question 31

for him, happiness (earthly) is the highest desire and ambition of all human beings. And to achieve it, one must cultivate the highest virtues within oneself. Aristotle believed that human beings have a natural desire and capacity to know and understand the truth, to pursue moral excellence, and to instantiate their ideals in the world through action.

Answer 31

Aristotle

Question 32

We all aspire for happiness and it is ____________

Answer 32

EUDOMENIA

Question 33

is consists of Greek words “eu” which means “good” and “daemon” which means “spirit” • meaning “the state of having good indwelling spirit; a good genius”

Answer 33

EUDOMENIA

Question 34

(also known as Eudaemonism) is a Greek word, which refers to state of having a good indwelling spirit of being in a contented state of being healthy, happy and prosperous.

Answer 34

Eudaimonia

Question 35

is used to refer to the right actions as those that result in the well- being of an individual

Answer 35

eudaimonia

Question 36

• DOING RGHT ACTIONS BY ACQUIRING VIRTUES - Intellectual (pursue for wisdom) - Moral (can only be developed when it becomes our habit)

Answer 36

EUDOMENIA

Question 37

(born 341 B.C) was a Greek philosopher who contradicted the metaphysical philosophers.

Answer 37

Epicurus

Question 38

he believed that balance and temperature were created space for happiness.

Answer 38

Epicurus

Question 39

• His view is not more of how happiness can be defined but more on theory about the real source to experience it. • HAPPINESS SHOULD BE PLEASURABLE

Answer 39

Epicurus

Question 40

was a German philosopher and cultural critic who published intensively in the 1870s and 1880s.

Answer 40

Friedrich Nietzche

Question 41

He is known for his criticisms on psychological analyses that resulted to opposing ideas on the people’s received ideas

Answer 41

Friedrich Nietzche

Question 42

his viewed happiness in a different way. For him happiness is an “ideal state of laziness” Laziness for him is described as to not have any worries or distress in life.

Answer 42

Friedrich Nietzche

Question 43

based on him, • Life is devoid of intrinsic meaning • "chaining yourself to the absurd" simply means living with the acknowledgement that life is flawed

Answer 43

ALBERT CAMUS

Question 44

for him, be happy with our friends, in harmony with the world, and earn our happiness by following a path which nevertheless leads to death. It is not so easy to become what one is, to rediscover one’s deepest measure.

Answer 44

ALBERT CAMUS

Question 45

for him, • Philosophers’ views are the evidence of objective sense of how it means to flourish.

Answer 45

ALBERT CAMUS

Question 46

• It accepts that man’s ultimate desire of living is to flourish and to experience a life of well-being (life that goes well for him). • Flourishing can either be based on the state of mind (e.g mental habit) or a kind of value (e.g insights, outlook).

Answer 46

ALBERT CAMUS