Stationary engines Flashcards by shawn Burleigh

when entering a large engine you would _____________to ensure safe entry

lock the flywheel

block the crankshaft throws

block the engine

the 1st and 2nd answers are correct

1st and 2nd answers are correct

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when working on a large stationary engine, you should always

disconnect the power source

blind the piping valves

purge engine cylinders

all the above

All of the above

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when claculating torque, distance is the

diameter at which the force acts

circumference at which the force acts

radius at which the force acts

all the above

Radius at which the force acts

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power is the

applied force causing movement of an object

action of one body on another

resistance of motion between 2 objects

the rate at which work is done

Rate at which work is done

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brake horse power is the

theoretical power of the engine

power to overcome engine friction

actual power measured at the end of the crankshaft

BHP = IHP + FHP

Actual power measured at the end of the crankshaft

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stroke can be

the movement of the piston from TDC to BDC

the diameter of the bore

the same as the bore diameter on a square engine

both the 1st and 3rd answers are correct

Both 1st and 3rd are correct

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clearance volume is the

the distance from the top of the cylinder to top dead center.

the volume left in the cylinder between the piston and cylinder head when the piston is at TDC.

is the volume left around the piston so the piston does not contact the cylinder wall.

all the above

the volume left in the cylinder between the piston and cylinder head when the piston is at TDC.

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volumetric efficiency is

how well the engine converts energy in the fuel to the mechanical energy

the ratio of the volume of atmospheric air drawn into the cylinder on the intake stroke to the cylinder displacement

the displacement plus the clearance volume divided by clearance volume

none of the above

The Ratio of the volume of atmospheric air drawn into the cylinder on the intake stroke to the cylinder displacement

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blowby is the leakage of engine oil by the piston rings and into the crankcase

true

False

False
Blowby is the leakage of gasses or pressure into the crankcase

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for an engine to have combustion, it will need which of the following

fuel, air, spark

fuel, air, gas

fuel, air, compression of ignition

both the 1st and 3rd answers are correct

Both 1st and 3rd are correct

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on a 4 stroke engine, the exhaust valve cracks open at the end of the ________stroke

compression

intake

power

exhaust

Power

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on a 2 stroke engine, a complete cycle takes place in__________of the crank shaft rotation

720 degrees

360 degrees

180 degrees

480 degrees

360 degrees

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on a 2 stroke engine, the exhaust and intake happens almost simultaniously near

BDC

TDC

BDC

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.crankshaft rotation can be CW or CCW and is viewed from the ________end of the engine

harmonic balancer

crankshaft

flywheel

fan

Flywheel

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the numbering of the cylinders starts at the end of the engine, furthest from the_________

harmonic balancer

crankshaft

flywheel

fan

Flywheel

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the firing order is

established by the crankshaft throws and the arangement of the lobes on the camshaft

can be any random numbering of the cylinders

helps improve fuel consumption

all the above

Established by the crankshaft throws and the arrangement of the lobes on the camshaft

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running mates

apply to 4 stroke engines only

apply to 2 stroke engines only

refers to the 2 cylinders that have the pistons reaching TDC at the same time

both the 1st and 3rd answers are correct

Both 1st and 3rd are correct

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which of the following is not a valve arrangement on an engine

opposed

overhead

multi-valve

flat head

Opposed

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overhead cams are used on smaller engines and they solve the problem of valve train mass

true

false

true

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naturally aspirated engines

do not achieve 100% volumetric efficiency

use atmospheric pressure to push air into the system

are 4 stroke engines

all the above

All of the above

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compression ingnition engines have__________then spark ignition systems

higher compression ratios

higher compression temperatures

a lighter weight

both the 1st and 2nd answers are correct

Both 1st and 2nd answers are correct

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intergral engines

have the load attached to either end of the engine

have the load as part of the engine

Have the load as part of the engine

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when the main bearing caps for the crankshaft are mounted below, it is called

under slung

over slung

multi-piece

2 piece

Under slung

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if testing the block for cracks using pressure, make sure to use no more than ________psi

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to correct issues with the bore of the main bearings, you would shim the bearing caps use a die grinder line bore none of the above

Line bore

on large engines, you can use a deflection gauge positioned between _________to find crankshaft alignment the caps the connecting rods the bearings and journals the counter-weights of crankshaft

The counter weights of the crankshaft

when doing a line bore, it is important to keep the crankshaft centerline as close to its original centerline as possible true False

True

the highest wear area in a cylinder is near the bottom of the stroke middle of the stroke top of the stroke same thru the entire stroke

Top of the stroke

the difference between dry and wet liners is the wet liners inside bore is explosed to the coolant dry liners exterior is not exposed to the coolant wet liner is harder to take out then a dry liner wet liners are made of thinner material then dry liners

Dry liners exterior is not exposed to the coolant

liner bore inspection is done after the liner is taken out of the block before the liner is taken out of the block it does not matter

Before the liner is taken out of the block

major cylinder wear will take place at the ________ of the cylinder during the _______ stroke (thrust side) bottom, power stroke top, power stroke bottom, compression stroke

Top power stroke

when measuring a cylinder liner bore, you will take measurements in 2 places around the bore, 1 in line with the crankshaft and 1- 90 degrees to the crankshaft. you will take these 2 measurements at the top, bottom and middle of the liner length. (3 places) true False

True

cavitation on a wet cylinder liner will happen on the coolant side of the liner. to help this you can pressurize the cooling system chrome plate the outside of the liner add additives to the coolant all the above

All of the above

a ridge reamer is a tool used to true the piston true the cylinder bore its full length take the ridge off of the top of the cylinder bore clean the piston rings

Take the ridge off the top of the cylinder bore

when deglazing, you want your cross hatch pattern to be ___________ degrees 40-60 30-40 20-40 60-80

40-60 degrees

it is important to measure removable liner bores for maximum diameter out of round taper all of the above are correct

All of the above are correct

the wet liner counter bore should be checked for depth and flatness so the _______ of the liner will be correct sealant seal protrusion bore block deck

Protrusion

for proper sealing of the wet liner, you need to untwist and seat all 0-rings lubricate 0-rings put RTV sealant under the top liner flange all the above

All of the above

the __________ are off center to harness the piston motion of the engine webs main bearings throws (conneting rod journals) counter-weights

Throws

when inspecting the crankshaft, you should ____________ to determine if it needs repair refer to manufactures specifications measure crankshaft journals in 2 places, 90 degrees from each other check for taper and proper fillet radius all the above

All of the above

the fly wheels main job is to balance the engine start the engine stabalize the speed fluctuations and store energy during power pulses allow for pinning during shut down

Stabilize the speed fluctuations and store energy during power pulses

a harmonic balancer is used to dampen torsional vibration from the crank twisting. which is not a type of dampner rubber mounted viscous spring solid metal

Solid metal

embeddability of a journal bearing is its ability to withstand penatration withstand shock absorb small particles resist heat

Absorb small particles

.crush in manufactured into a journal bearing to achieve a secure fit in the bearing housing after being installed and torqued true false

True

plastigage is a method of checking for the amount of bearing clearance when the crank is installed. it will be placed between the bearing and bearing cap bearing and the crankshaft (crankshaft bearing surface) bearing and the block all the above

Bearing and the crankshaft

if you use the lift method for checking bearing clearance, you would place the dial indicator on the ___________ when checking the main bearing clearance block and read off the connecting rod the block and read off the crankshaft the crankshaft and read off the block the crankshaft and read off the connecting rod

Block and read off the crankshaft

a roll pin is used to measure the new bearings for size hold the plastigage durnig crush locate the dowel pins take out and put in bearing halves with the crankshaft in place

Take out and put in bearing halves with the crankshaft in place

avoid touching the bearing surfaces with your fingers as it may cause corrosion distortion clearance loss all the above

Corrosion

once the correct clearances are verified for the crankshaft, you will make sure the rear main seal is lubed and in place align thrust bearings check crankshaft end play all the above

All of the above

you should always match mark connecting rods and caps if they are not marked true false

True

the rod bolt torque method(s) could be torque wrench torque turn method elongation all the above

All of the above

pistons have rings around their circumference to provide dynamic sealing between piston and cylinder wall prevent combustion pressures from entering the crank prevent oil from entering the combustion chamber all the above

all of the above

the crosshead type piston is one piece design a 2 piece design flexible becasue the crown can expand separately from the piston skirt the 2nd and 3rd answers are correct.

Both 2nd and 3rd are correct

compression rings are activated by gas pressure from the compression and combustable gases pushing up on the rings down on the rings down and out on the rings up and out on the rings

Down and out on the rings

.when checking piston rings during installation, you should have the right amount of end gap and side clearance to help eliminate oil consumption and blowby true False

True

when installing piston rings with an internal chamfer, the chamfer should face down true False

False Should face up

you will need to rotate the crankshaft to TDC to help install the piston and rod true False

False

when you torque the bolts on an engine, make sure to follow manufacturers specifications true False

True

the camshaft has lobes that help determine the lift of the valve length of time the valve stays open valve overlap all the above

All of the above

the cam shaft on a 4 stroke engine turns________of the crankshaft the same speed 2 times the speed 1/2 the speed none of the above

1/2 the speed

lifters and pushrods transfer motin from the ______to the________ in camshaft in block engines crank, valves cam, valves valves, rocker arm cam, rocker arm

Cam, rocker arm

____________ lifters do not need to be adjusted after the initial adjustments hydraulic solid

Hydraulic

the valve bridge or cross heads are used for on cylinder heads with 4 valves per cylinder true false

True

valve seat width is important because if it is to wide, there could be carbon build up if it is to narrow, there could be excess cooling both the 1st and 2nd answers are correct none of the above

Both first and second answers are correct

if valve guides and seats are worn, then the __________ should be done forst valve guides valve seats

Valve guides

valve clearnace is set up between the rocker arm and the pushrod to compensate for component expansion and wear of the valve operating mechanism true False

False Between the rocker arm and valve

valve clearance is set when the valve is open true False

False when valve is closed

the back pressure in an exhaust system should be_________ 1 psi 4 psi 8 psi 10 psi

1 PSI

a catalytic converter is working properly when the temperature is_________ 100 degrees F higher at the inlet then the outlet 38 degrees F higher at the outlet then the inlet 100 degrees F higher at the outlet then the inlet 38 degrees F higher at the inlet then the outlet

100 degrees F higher at the outlet then at the inlet

for most engines, the ideal cooling temperature for the engine to run properly is between _______ degrees F 180 to 200 300 to 350 32 to 200 none of the above

180 to 200 degrees F 82 to 95 C

the thermostat must be installed so the temperature sensor faces toward the engine true false

True

coolant is usually a mxture of _______ water to ______ antifreeze 20, 80 80, 20 70, 30 50, 50

50 50

system operating pressure in a lubrication system is determined by the oil stop valve oil sump bearing clearances maximum pressure relief valve

Bearing Clearances

filters in a lubrication system can be full flow filtration or bypass filtration true False

True

depth type filters trap particles below the surface with the use of cotton, wood chips and steel wool true False

True

pumps that supply oil to the bearings before start-up or during cool down are called post lube or pre-lube pumps true False

True

oil changes can be influenced by fuel type environmental conditions volume of oil in the sump all the above

All of the above

when changing oil, you should make sure to _______on large stationary engines change the oil while it is still warm and just after it is shut down change the oil when it has cooled down change the oil every 5000 hrs does not matter when you change the oil

Change the oil while it is still warm and just after it has shut down

if you have a problem with low oil pressure, it might be higher than normal bearing clearances new bearings that are to tight relief valve may be stuck closed all the above

Higher than normal bearing clearances

crankcase ventilation systems are designed to remove __________ from the crankcase intake gases head gases blowby gases gas tank gases

Blowby gases

a fuel with a high octane rating will burn fast burn slow

Burn slow

pre-ignition is caused by extreme compression of the gas after initial ignition hot spots in the cylinder to long of a spark plug to short of a spark plug

Hot spots in the cylinder

carburetors operate on a venturi action. this is similar to pascal's law bernoulli's principle the law of conservation

Bernoulli's principle

some fuel injection systems spray the gas into the _______ with ______ carb, fuel pressure intake system, fuel pressure cylinder, vacuum head, atmospheric pressure

Intake systems with fuel pressure

the oxygen sensors in an electronic fuel injection system sense the _________ at the _________ oxygen levels, intake CO2 levels, sparkplug CO2 levels, carb oxygen levels, exhaust

Oxygen levels at the exhaust

a fuel-gas scrubber is used in natural gas systems to clean the gas true false

tRUE

with natural gas and propane sustems, it is important to have a ____________ in the system for safety during stalls pressure regulator gas filtering system automatic shut-off valve expansion tank

Automatic shut off valve

LPG is 1 1/2 times heavier than air, has a boiling point of -42 degrees C and expands _____________ when it vaporizes 50 times its volume 100 times its volume 200 times its volume 270 times its volume

270 times its volume

to reduce the higher pressure liquid propane to a low pressure vapor, the gas passes thru the filter spray bar converter/regulator

Converter/regulator

in diesel fuel systems, the ignition stage takes place because of the heat of exhaust heat of compression low pressures none of the above

heat of compression

to help start a diesel engine, you can use glow plugs and /or a higher cranking speed of the engine so more heat is available to help ignite the fuel true False

True

inline fuel injection has its own cam and plunger for each cylinder true False

True

the most efficient filtering system for an induction system on engines is the spiral rotor (turbo) Dry oil bath manometer

Dry

turbo lag is a result of play in linkages driving the turbo with the engine driving the turbo with the exhaust all of the above

Driving the turbo with the exhaust

the stationary diffuser in a turbo charger converts the kinetic energy of the moving air into increased pressure true False

True

to control the amount of boost (pressure) from a turbocharger, you would sense the output pressure of the compressor and the pressure would operate a waste gate by means of an actuator rod true False

True

spark plugs can be a hot plug or a cold plug. cold plugs are good for engines running at full load and hot plugs are used for engines running at low load or idling. (the length of the heat path determines if it is a hot or cold plug) true False

True

.the magnetic pulse generator is a common triggering device in electronic distributors true False

True

ignition timing is done by using a timing light hooked up to the #1 cylinder lead 2 cylinder lead #3 cylinder lead it does not matter which one it is hooked uo to

#1 Cylinder lead

air starting of large engines can be used with reduced gearing or the air directed into the cylinders themselves true False

True

to reduce the likely hood of installtion problems with a stationary engine,, the foundation should have a mass of 1.5 times the engine 2.5 times the engine 3.5 times the engine 4.5 times the engine

2.5 times the engine

.skid mounting of an engine is ideal for smaller engines true False

True

some engine installations use vibration isolators to keep the vibration away from other machinery true False

True

when using a block mounted installation for an engine, the best type of anchor bolt would be j-bolts piped boxed expansion

Boxed

the sole plate is the load bearing steel plate that is ______ to the foundation not level anchored and grouted perpendicular none of the above

Anchored and grouted

shims are used between the_____ and the______ to make fine adjustments foundation, engine base engine base, sole plate engine, grout none of the above

Engine base and sole plate

epoxy grouts are used becasue they are strong easy to use don't shrink all the above

All of the above

exhaust piping for stationary engines should have ________ to help with vibration isolation and thermal expansion rigid piping flexible piping or expansion joints plastic piping loosened mounting brackets

Flexible piping or expansion joints

ventilation of an engine building should have the inlet source for the air higher then the outlet true False

False Inlet source should be below the outlet air

when shutting down a large natural gas stationary engine, never shut off the fuel valve to stop the engine true false

False shut off the fuel valve

when starting a large engine, you should start the pre-lube pump before you do an engine cranking true False

True

an electronic control system for a large stationary engine is used to monitor and control the engine. it is also used to shut down the engine in the event of a critical alarm true False

True

basic pressure devices that should be monitored on a stationary engine, are lube oil, jacket water, air manifold and crankcase pressure true False

True

the 2 areas of engine troubleshooting are, to determine if the engine has the basic requirements to operate and does it's mechanical state need correction true false

True

on ignition systems, new magnetos must be timed when installed. this is done by rotating the flywheel until the proper timing mark aligns with the timing hole pointer in the flywheel housing and the engine is on # 2 cylinder TDC firing. (for most engines) true False

False #1 cylinder TDC

you will test for compression in an engine when the sparkplugs are in the engine true False

False Spark plug tester goes in the spark plug hole

.valve clearance adjustments can be made on solid lifters. the least confusing way to do this is to start at # 1 cylinder at TDC at the end of the compression stroke and then proceed in the firing order true False

True

electric motors are DC AC polyphase AC single phase all the above

All of the above

the power rating of an electric motor refers to the value of output power that a motor will produce at the shaft without overheating regardless of a temperature rise at 125% efficiency all the above

Without over heating

for every 18 degrees F rise in insulation temperature above the rated values, the life of the motor is reduced by ________% 10 25 50 75

50%

.the NEMA motor enclosure type which can prevent ignition of gases or vapors surrounding the machine is the water proof totally enclosed fan cooled explosion proof weather protected type 2

Explosion proof

the speed control of DC motors is uncontrollable unreliable inaccurate percise

Precise

the part of the DC motor that is made from carbon steel and acts as a stationary support and also the return path for the magnetic flux that passes from the field poles to the armature is the armature armature windings main frame commutator

Main frame

the component on a DC motor which are used to make a low resistance contact with the commutatot is the carbon brushes armature main frame field poles

Carbon brushes

a DC motor may be slowed down or brought to a quick stop by dynamic braking regenerative braking plugging all the above

All of the above

squirrel cage induction motors have no physical connection between the stator and the rotor have a commutator and carbon brushes require rheostaatic speed control all the above

Have no physical connections between the stator and the rotor

three phase motors are the most common type in industry because they are of simple design and reliable rugged and low maintenance efficient and low cost all the above

All of the above

the formula for synchronous speed is 60 X frequency/ #of poles 60 x frequency x # of poles 120 x frequency / # of poles 120 x frequency x # of poles

120 x frequency / # of poles

the synchronous speed in synchronous motors means that there is no difference in the speed of the rotor and the speed of the rotating magnetic stator field a lag in the speed of the rotor in relation to the stator field an advance speed of the rotor in relation to the stator field none of the above

no difference in the speed of the rotor and the speed of the rotating magnetic stator field

an electric motr failure is associated with mechanical problems lack of maintenance and general deterioration the quality of electrical power supply all the above

All of the above

one of the principle and common causes of electic motor bearing failure is improper installation over lubrication looseness misalignment of bearings in the housing

Over lubrication

extremely high current flow rates upon start-up over heat motors. large motors are ussually limited to ___ starts per hour 2 6 10 15

Stationary engines Flashcards

(132 cards)