Flashcards in Statistical Terms Deck (26)
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1
An entire group of individuals that a sample is selected from:
Population
2
A selected group of individuals from a population:
Sample
3
Sampling methods that over or underemphasize some characteristics of the population are:
Biased
4
The number of individuals in the sample:
Sample size
5
A sample of the entire population:
Census
6
Use mathematics to represent reality:
Model
7
Key numbers in a model:
Parameter
8
Used to estimate summaries of data:
Statistic
9
Each combination of people has an equal chance of being selected:
Simple Random Sample
10
A list from which the sample is drawn:
Sampling Frame
11
Sample-sample differences:
Sampling Variability
12
After a sample is taken, populations are sliced in groups called:
Strata
13
Once strata are chosen, random sampling occurs and results are combined to form a statistic:
Stratified Random Sampling
14
To sample a large population, one can split the population into:
Clusters
15
Selecting a number of clusters at random and perform a census within each of them is:
Cluster Sampling
16
Sampling every nth person on a list:
Systemic Sampling
17
A trial run of a survey that eventually will be used with a larger group:
Pilot
18
A large group of individuals is invited to respond, those who respond, are counted only (biased):
Voluntary Response Sample
19
Bias occurring in a voluntary response sample:
Voluntary Response Bias
20
Including individuals in a sample that are convenient to the sample:
Convenience Sampling
21
Bias occuring when a large fraction of those sampled fail to respond:
Nonresponse Bias
22
Bias occuring when there is anything in a survey design that influences responses or the sample:
Response Bias
23
In a study where researchers do not assign choices; they just observe them:
Observational Study
24
Researchers choose a group and record based on historical data:
Retrospective Study
25
Researchers identify subjects in advance and collect data as events unfold:
Prospective Study
26
