Stem Cells Flashcards
1
Q
What is a stem cell
A
cell which can
- differentiate into many different cell types
- self renew
2
Q
Ectoderm- cell fates
A
- Skin cells of epidermis
- Neuron of brain
- Pigment cell
3
Q
Mesoderm
A
- Cardiac muscle
- skeletal uscle cells
- tubule cell of the kidney
- RBCs
- Smooth muscle in gut
4
Q
Endoderm
A
- Lung cell
- Thyroid cell
- Pancreatic cell
5
Q
Major stem cell types
A
- Embryonic stem cells
- Embryonic germ cells
- Adult stem cells
- Umbilical cord and placenta stem cells
6
Q
Adult stem cell features
A
- Typically reside in or near their tissue
- Can only give rise to their own tissue type
- Typically found in tissues which undergo regular turnover.
- decrease in number and activity with age
7
Q
Embryonic stem cell features
A
- Created from inner cell mass cells (early embryos)
- Capable of giving rise to all f the cell types in the body including non-regenerative
- Can be divided many times in culture to make many cells
8
Q
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)
A
- Asexual reproduction
- Make exact clones, don’t need donor match.
- Dolly the sheep
9
Q
SCNT uses
A
Treat diabetes.
-get pancreatic stem cells and implant into pancreas
Leukaemia
10
Q
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS)
A
Human fibroblasts, induced with factors into stem cells
