Stem cells (M1B1)

Question 1

What are the Stem cells?

Answer 1

cells that have great potential (possibility) to develop into
many different types of cell

Question 2

Stem cells have two important characteristics that distinguish them from other types of cells which are?

Answer 2

1) They are unspecialized cells that renew (restore) themselves for long
periods through cell division

2) can be induced to give special cells such as heart muscle cells or the insulin producing cells of the pancreas

Question 3

types of stem cells and their potential?

Answer 3

1) Totipotent: all possible cell types
2) Pluripotent: almost all cell types
3) Multipotent: closely related family of cells
4) Oligopotent: few cells
5) Unipotent: to their own type

TOPUM

Question 4

Toti is zygote
Pluri is embryonic 
Multi is Mesenchymal
Olgio is hematopoietic 
uni is Muscle

Answer 4

…

Question 5

stem cells come from two main sources which are?

Answer 5

1- Embryos formed during the blastocyst phase of embryological
development (embryonic stem cells).

2- Adult tissue (adult stem cells). As hematopoietic cells

Question 6

How are embryonic stem cells grown in the laboratory?

Answer 6

derived primarily from blastocysts that

were created by in vitro fertilization

Question 7

Adult stem cells can be isolated from a tissue sample obtained from an
adult as hematopoietic stem cells, umbilical cord cells and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells.

Answer 7

…

Question 8

why is the destruction of embryo

(blastocyst) is controversial.

Answer 8

require the destruction of an embryo.

Question 9

the use of adult stem cells in research

and therapy is not controversial

Answer 9

…

Question 10

What are the health problems that might be treated by stem cells? (Possible Uses of Stem Cell Technology)

Answer 10

Replaceable tissues/organs
Repair of defective cell types
Delivery of genetic therapies
Delivery of chemotherapeutic agents

Question 11

What are the health problems that might be treated by stem cells? (Diseases potentially treatable with stem cells)

Answer 11

Cancer
Diabetes
Parkinson's
Alzheimer’s
Spinal Cord injury
Heart Disease
Infertility

Question 12

most frequently used stem cells for therapy?

Answer 12

Blood stem cells (ASCs)

Question 13

what is used as an alternative to bone marrow transplantation?

Answer 13

Umbilical cord blood

Question 14

mesenchymal stem cell, found throughout the body including in
the bone marrow, can be directed to become?

Answer 14

bone, cartilage, fat and possibly even muscle

(mesenchymal stem cells to treat a
range of musculoskeletal abnormalities, cardiac disease and some immune abnormalities)

Question 15

Potential Problems with Adult Stem Cell-Based Therapies?

Answer 15

1- Significant genetic mutations
2- Formation of tumor
3- Immunogenic, and graft rejection
4- Low potentiality than embryonic stem cells (multipotential).

Question 16

what is the source of embryonic stem cells?

Answer 16

destroying blastocyst