Stoichiometry And Chemical Reactions Flashcards
(21 cards)
Chemical reaction
A process that involves rearrangement of the molecular or ionic structure of a substance, as opposed to a change in physical form or a nuclear reaction.
Coefficients
Numbers in front of a compound that tell you how many moles of the compound you have
Reactant
The starting materials, on the left
Products
The ending materials, on the right
Synthesis
The combining of 2 or more substances
Decomposition
When one substance breaks down into 2 or more substances
Single replacement
When a single element replaces an element in a compound creating a new compound that displaces the other one
AB + C –> AC + B
Double replacement
Two elements from 2 different compounds switch places to form 2 new compounds
AB + CD –> AD +BC
Precipitate
The cause of an event to happen suddenly
Combustion
When hydrocarbon and oxygen react to form water and carbon dioxide
Aqueous
The substance has been dissolved in water
Diatomic elements
Elements that pair up together
Mole
A unit of measurement
1 mole = 6.02x10^23
Molar mass
The mass of 1 mile of a substance
Mole ratio
A mathematical expression that shows the relative amounts of two items involved in a chemical change
Stoichiometry
Making predictions about the amounts of reactants and products involved in a chemical reaction
Limiting reactant
The reactant that runs out first and limits the amount of products you can make
Excess reactant
The reactant that you still have some extra of at the end of a reaction
Actual yield
Amount you calculate (expect to form)
Actual yield
Amount you actually collected in lab
Percent yield
Actual
———– x100
Theoretical
