Stomach

Question 1

stomach location

Answer 1

upper left quadrant

Question 2

mechanical digestion

Answer 2

3 layers of muscularis tunic: outer, middle and inner

Question 3

outer tunic

Answer 3

longitudinal layer

Question 4

middle tunic

Answer 4

circular layer

Question 5

inner tunic

Answer 5

oblique layer

Question 6

chemical digestion

Answer 6

via gastric acid (hydrochloric acid, pepsinogen, etc)

Question 7

chyme

Answer 7

once bolus has mixed with gastric acid, it becomes a pasty, semisolid mixture (after 2-6 hours)

Question 8

gross anatomy

Answer 8

• cardia: under esophagus
• fundus: dome shaped part of stomach
• body: largest part
• pyloris: curve of stomach

Question 9

pyloric sphincter

Answer 9

between stomach and small intestine

Question 10

greater curvature

Answer 10

larger/lateral

Question 11

lesser curvature

Answer 11

smaller/medial

Question 12

rugae

Answer 12

internal surface of the stomach with gastric folds

Question 13

greater omentum

Answer 13

extends inferiorly like an apron from the greater curvature of stomach and covers most abdominal organs (protection)

Question 14

lesser omentum

Answer 14

connects the lesser curvature of the stomach and the proximal end of the small intestine to the liver

Question 15

heartburn

Answer 15

due to reflux, acid from stomach moves into the esophagus, irritating the mucosa

Question 16

3 common causes of heartburn

Answer 16

• weakened lower esophageal sphincter due to fats, alcohol, or chocolate reacting with stomach acids
• hiatal hernia: weak spot in diaphragm allows stomach to move upward
• increased pressure due to obesity, overfull stomach, or lying down