Storage

Question 1

Explain what happens during germination.

Answer 1

During germination, the seed absorbs water, the embryo swells and grows, enzymes activate to break down
stored food, the radicle emerges, followed by the shoot

Question 2

Which perennating organ does a carrot use?

Answer 2

A carrot uses a taproot as a perennating organ to store food

Question 3

Why is stored food important in germination?

Answer 3

It provides energy and nutrients before the seedling can photosynthesize.

Question 4

What is germination?

Answer 4

Germination is the process by which a seed resumes growth and develops into a seedling under suitable
environmental conditions

Question 5

Why is temperature important during germination?

Answer 5

Temperature affects enzyme activity and cellular processes needed for seed development

Question 6

Which part elongates in epigeal germination?

Answer 6

The hypocotyl elongates in epigeal germination

Question 7

What are perennating organs?

Answer 7

Perennating organs are structures that store food and allow plants to survive adverse conditions and regrow.

Question 8

What is the role of the plumule?

Answer 8

The plumule develop into the shoot and leaves of the plant.

Question 9

What is Epigeal Germination?

Answer 9

Epigeal germination is when the cotyledons are pushed above the soil surface due to elongation of the
hypocotyl.

Question 10

Give an example of a tuber and state its function.

Answer 10

Potato is a tuber that stores starch and allows vegetative reproduction.

Question 11

What is imbibition?

Answer 11

Imbibition is the absorption of water by a dry seed, causing it to swell.

Question 12

Name two differences between epigeal and hypogeal germination.

Answer 12

Epigeal: cotyledons above ground, hypocotyl elongates. 2. Hypogeal: cotyledons below ground, epicotyl
elongates

Question 13

What happens when the leaves of the seedling appear?

Answer 13

Photosynthesis begins, and the seedling becomes independent.

Question 14

What is the testa?

Answer 14

The testa is the seed coat that protects the seed from damage and disease.

Question 15

List the conditions necessary for germination.

Answer 15

Water, oxygen, and warm temperature are essential conditions for germination

Question 16

Compare epigeal and hypogeal germination.

Answer 16

In epigeal germination, cotyledons rise above the soil, while in hypogeal, they stay underground

Question 17

How do rhizomes help plants survive?

Answer 17

Rhizomes are underground stems storing food and enabling regrowth after dormancy.

Question 18

Why do plants need to store food?

Answer 18

To survive periods of dormancy, regrow after unfavorable conditions, and support germination.

Question 19

Name three types of storage organs in plants.

Answer 19

Tubers, bulbs, and rhizomes.

Question 20

What is the function of a tuber?

Answer 20

Tubers store food (mainly starch) and allows the plant to regrow.

Question 21

Give an example of a stem tuber and its role.

Answer 21

Potato; stores starch and can develop into a new plant.

Question 22

Give two examples of bulbs used for storage.

Answer 22

Onion and garlic.

Question 23

How does a rhizome store food?

Answer 23

It stores starch in an underground horizontal stem.

Question 24

Give two examples of plants with rhizomes.

Answer 24

Ginger and Banana

Question 25

How do perennating organs assist in survival?

Answer 25

They store food to help the plant survive adverse conditions and regrow.

Question 26

What main substance is stored in plant storage organs?

Answer 26

Starch

Question 27

Name a plant that stores oil instead of starch.

Answer 27

Castor bean.

Question 28

Name a plant that stores protein in its seeds.

Answer 28

Legumes like peas or beans.

Question 29

What substance is stored in castor oil seeds?

Answer 29

Oil (lipids).

Question 30

How are stored substances used during germination?

Answer 30

They provide energy and raw materials for the developing embryo.

Question 31

Where is food stored in a seed?

Answer 31

In the cotyledon

Question 32

What is the role of cotyledons in food storage?

Answer 32

They store and transfer nutrients to the embryo during germination.

Question 33

Why do animals store food?

Answer 33

To maintain energy supply between meals and during scarcity.

Question 34

What are the two main substances animals store for energy?

Answer 34

Glycogen and fat.

Question 35

Where do animals store carbohydrates?

Answer 35

In the liver and muscles as glycogen.

Question 36

Where is glycogen stored in humans?

Answer 36

Mainly in the liver and skeletal muscles.

Question 37

How is excess glucose stored in the body?

Answer 37

As glycogen or converted to fat.

Question 38

What is a tap root?

Answer 38

A tap root is the main root from which smaller lateral roots branch out.

Question 39

What is the importance of a tap root?

Answer 39

Tap roots help plants survive adverse conditions by storing food and accessing deep water and nutrients.

Question 40

What is the importance of food stores in a seed?

Answer 40

The seed stores food (mainly starch, proteins, or oils) to nourish the embryo until it can photosynthesize on its own.

Question 41

What is the importance of food stored in an egg?

Answer 41

The yolk (in birds, reptiles, fish) contains nutrients like proteins and fats that feeds the developing embryo in animals

Question 42

What is the important of food stored in the liver?

Answer 42

The liver releases glucose into the blood to maintain energy supply between meals or during fasting.

Question 43

What is the importance of food stored in fruits?

Answer 43

Feeds the seed inside until germination starts and attracts animals who eat the fruit and help in seed dispersal.