Strand 1 Flashcards
(155 cards)
1
Q
What is the VFR daytime recency requirements?
A
3 landings every 90 days prior to carrying passengers
2
Q
What is VFR nighttime requirements?
A
3 landings every 90 days to a full stop prior to carrying passengers
3
Q
When are you able to do your VFR nighttime recency?
A
1 hour after sunset till 1 hour before sunrise
4
Q
What is IFR recency?
A
66HIT (6 months, 6 approaches, holding procedures, intercept and tracking)
5
Q
When do you need a safety pilot while doing IFR recency?
A
Whenever you are doing the approaches in the airplane
6
Q
What happens when 12 months go by since your last IFR recency?
A
IPC with a CFII or examiner
7
Q
What should you expect on a flight review?
A
At least 1 hour of ground and 1 hour of flight
8
Q
What would typically count at a flight review that isn’t officially a flight review?
A
Proficiency check or Practical test conducted by a examiner
9
Q
What are the commercial limitations?
A
If not instrument rated you cannot…
Fly at night commercially
Fly passengers 50 NM commercially
10
Q
What are your commercial privileges?
A
Fly for compensation or hire
Fly goods for compensation or hire
11
Q
What is a wet lease?
A
You provide aircraft and crew
12
Q
What is a dry lease?
A
The client provides aircraft
13
Q
What does holding out mean?
A
Advertising yourself
14
Q
What is a SODA?
A
Statement of Demonstrated Ability
Doesn’t expire
15
Q
What is a special issuance?
A
Certain medical conditions and may have limitations and early expiration dates
16
Q
How long does a 1st class medical last for CPL at any age?
A
12 months
17
Q
How long does a 1st class medical last for ATP PIC under 40?
A
12 months
18
Q
How long does a 1st class medical last for ATP PIC over 40?
A
6 months
19
Q
How long does a 1st class medical last for PPL or recreational pilots over 40?
A
24 months
20
Q
How long does a 1st class medical last for PPL or recreational pilots under 40?
A
60 months
21
Q
How long does a 2nd class medical last for ATP SIC at any age?
A
12 months
22
Q
How long does a 2nd class medical last for CPL at any age?
A
12 months
23
Q
How long does a 2nd class medical last for PPL or Recreational pilot under 40?
A
60 months
24
Q
How long does a 2nd class medical last for PPL or recreational pilot over 40?
A
24 months
25
How long does a 3rd class medical last for recreational, PPL, or CFI under 40?
60 months
26
How long does a 2nd class medical last for recreational, PPL, or CFI over 40?
24 months
27
What medical do you need to have to practice commercial privileges?
At least a 2nd class
28
What is hypoxic hypoxia?
"High altitudes are xic"
Insufficient oxygen to the body as a whole
Common at high altitudes for pilots
29
What is Hypemic hypoxia?
"Blood donations make you famous, mic"
Not enough oxygen molecules in the blood
CO poisoning or blood donations
30
What is Stagnant Hypoxia?
"Battle Stag"
Blood flow is disrupted
Excessive G's such as fighter pilots
31
What is Histotoxic hypoxia?
"Toxic = Poison"
Cells unable to make use of oxygen
Alcohol or Drugs
32
Explain the vestibular system
3 semicircular canals in each ear, each canal consists of an AMPULLA filled with ENDOLYMPH FLUID which will deflect TINY HAIR CELLS depending on which direction your moving
33
What is Hyperventilation?
Carbon Dioxide inbalance
34
What are the hazardous attitudes?
Resignation
Anti-Authority
Impulsivity
Invulnerability
Macho
35
What is the antidote for resignation?
I can make a difference
36
What is the antidote for anti-authority?
Follow the rules
37
What is the antidote for impulsivity?
Think First
38
What is the antidote for invulnerability?
It could happen to me
39
What is the antidote for Macho?
Taking chances is foolish
40
Explain the eyes
Light passes through the PUPIL to the RETINA, the RETINA consists of ROD and CONE cells. Cone cells are primarily in the center, where rod cells are primarily on the outskirts
41
What is Scotopic?
Rods, somewhat on a gray scale
42
What is Photopic?
Cones, used for light and color
43
What is Mesopic?
Combination of rods and cones
44
What is Inversion illusion?
Climb to straight level = tumbling backwards
45
What is Coriolis Illusion?
Quick head turn = brain thinks your on a different axis
46
What is the elevator illusion?
Updraft = Brain thinks your climbing
47
What is False Horizon?
Visual Illusion from clouds or uphill terrain
48
What are the Leans?
Prolonged turn = brain thinks the turn is level
49
What is autokinesis?
Stationary light may appear to move if stared at
50
What is Graveyard Spiral?
Aggravated condition of the leans, but pilots will bank to correct and pitch up for loss of lift from the turn
51
What is somatosensory illusion?
Rapid acceleration = make you feel like you are nose up
52
What is PAVE and what is it used for?
Perceiving the hazard...
Pilot
Aircraft
enVironment
External Factors
53
What is CARE and what is it used for?
Measuring the hazard...
Consequences
Alternatives
Reality
External Pressures
54
What is TEAM and what is it used for?
Performing risk management..
Transfer
Eliminate
Accept
Mitigate
55
What are the preflight actions?
Notoms
Weather
Known ATC delats
Runway lengths
Alternate information
Fuel requirements
Takeoff/landing distances
56
What does a Notam (D) cover?
Navigational facilities, public airports, runway/taxiway closures
57
What does a NOTAM (FDC) cover?
Approaches and Airways
58
What does a Pointer NOTAM cover?
Points to other important NOTAMs
59
What is a SAA NOTAM?
Special activity airspace
Airspace active outside of published times
60
What is a NOTAM (U) cover?
Unverified Notams
61
What color beacon is civilian land airports?
White and Green
62
What color beacon is water airports?
White and Yellow
63
What color beacon are heliports?
White Yellow and Green
64
What color beacon are military airports?
White White Green
65
What color are runway edge lights?
White, then yellow the last 2000' or half the runway
66
What color is the runway centerline lights?
White, then white and red last 2000', then red last 1000'
67
What color are taxiway lead off lights?
Green and Yellow
68
What color are LAHSO lights?
Pulsing white when LAHSO is in effect
69
Do you have to accept a LAHSO clearance?
No
70
What color runway lights is the TDZ lights?
White first 3000 ft of the runway
71
What color are taxiway edge lights?
Blue
72
What color are taxiway centerline lights?
Green
73
What color are stop bar lights?
Red... controlled by tower
74
When is wake turbulence strongest?
Aircraft is heavy, clean, and slow
75
What are ways to avoid wake turbulence?
Land past their point, rotate prior, or side step into wind
76
What are the standards for Emergency descent?
45 degree bank angle
Power Idle
Do not exceed 129
77
Gun signal, steady green on the ground?
Cleared for takeoff
78
Gun signal, steady green in the air?
Cleared to land
79
Gun signal, flashing green on the ground?
Cleared to taxi
80
Gun signal, flashing green in the air?
Return to land
81
Gun signal, steady red on the ground?
STOP
82
Gun signal, steady red in the air?
Continue circling
83
Gun signal, flashing red on the ground?
Taxi clear of the runway in use
84
Gun signal, flashing red in the air?
Airport unsafe, don't land
85
Gun signal, flashing white on the ground?
Return to starting point at the airport
86
Gun signal, flashing white in the air?
This doesn't mean anything
87
Gun signal, alternating red and green on the ground?
Exercise extreme caution
88
Gun signal, alternating red and green in the air?
Exercise extreme caution
89
What lights need to be on when operating the aircraft at night?
Anti-collision, position lights, and landing light if operating for hire
90
What sides are the position lights on?
Red = Left
Green = Right
91
What are the oxygen requirements for non-pressurized aircraft?
Above 12,500 ft: 30+ mins crew needs oxygen
Above 14,000 ft: crew needs oxygen
Above 15,000 ft: passengers must be offered oxygen
92
What are the oxygen requirements for pressurized aircraft?
Above FL250: 10 minute supply for each occupant
Above FL350: 1 pilot must use oxygen if other pilot leaves cockpit
Above FL410: Each pilot must be on oxygen
93
What are the types of oxygen systems?
Continuous flow
Diluter demand
Pressure demand
94
How high can you fly with continuous flow?
Up to 28,000 ft
95
How high can you fly with diluter demand?
Up to 40,000 ft
Gives oxygen during inhalation
96
How high can you fly with pressure demand?
Above 40,000 ft
Will pressurize the lungs to a lower altitude
97
What is the Cannula?
Below 18,000 ft
Simple continuous flow
98
What is the Oral-Nasal Re-Breather?
Below 25,000ft
Stores exhaled air to mix with 100% oxygen
99
What is Quick don mask?
Below 40,000 ft
Donned with 1 hand in less than 5 seconds
100
What is the Dixie Cup masks?
Below 40,000 ft
Mixture of oxygen and cabin air
101
What is the checklist to check oxygen?
Pressure
Regulator
Indicator
Connections
Emergency
102
What is the difference between rapid and explosive pressure loss?
Damage to the lungs
103
What is the equipment required for Class A airspace?
2 way communication
Instrument rated aircraft/pilot
Mode C XPDR
ADSB-out
DME above FL 250
104
What are the weather minimums for Class A airspace?
There are no minimums
105
What is the speed limit for Class A airspace?
Mach 1
106
What are the dimensions of Class A airspace?
FL180 to FL600
107
What are the dimensions of class B airspace?
Typically surface to 10,000 MSL
108
What are the equipment requirements of Class B?
2 Way comms
Mode C XPDR
ADSB-out
109
What are the weather requirements of Class B?
3 SM and clear of clouds
110
What is the speed limits of Class B?
Below 10,000: 250 knots
Under a B shelf: 200 knots
111
What color is class B on sectional?
Solid blue lines
112
What color is Class C on sectional?
Solid Magenta lines
113
What are the equipment requirements of Class C?
2 way comms
Mode C XPDR
ADSB-out
114
What are the weather minimums of Class C?
3 SM and 1,000 above 500 below 2000 horizontal
115
What are the speed limits of Class C?
Below 10,000: 250 knots
Below 2,500 AGL within 4 NM: 200 knots
116
What color is Class D on sectional?
Dashed blue lines
117
What are the dimensions of Class D airspace?
Surface to 2,500 AGL, 4-5 NM wide
118
What are the dimensions of Class C airspace?
5 NM up to 1200' AGL, 10 NM from 1200'AGL to 4000'AGL
119
What are the equipment requirements of Class D?
2 way radio
120
What are the weather requirements for Class D?
3SM and 1,000 above 500 below 2000 horizontal
121
What does ombre magenta line mean on sectional?
CLass E down to 700'
122
What does ombre blue line mean?
Class E down to 1,200'
123
What does Class E down to surface look like on sectional?
Dashed magenta line
124
Where is Class E airspace?
1,200ft to FL180
125
What are the weather requirements of Class E?
Below 10,000ft: 3 SM and 1,000 above 500 below 2000 horizontal
Above 10,000ft: 5 SM and 1,000 above 1000 below 1 SM horizontal
126
What are the speed limits of Class E?
Below 10,000: 250 knots
Above 10,000: Mach 1
127
What are the dimensions of Class G?
Surface to 1,200 AGL or random spots like in alaska
128
What are the weather minimums of Class G?
Under 1,200 AGL
-Datyime: 1 SM clear of clouds
-Nightime: 3 SM 1,000 above 500 below 2000 horizontal
Above 1,200 AGL under 10,000 MSL
-Daytime: 1 SM 1,000 above 500 below 2000 horizontal
-Nightime: 3 SM 1,000 above 500 below 2000 horizontal
Above 1,200 AGL and above 10,000 MSL
3 SM and 1000 above 1000 below 1 SM horizontal
129
Explain the pressure system of an aircraft
Air from compressor will be cooled by heat exchange then distributed in the cabin and controlled by outflow valve
130
What valves are there on the pressure system
Outflow valve- controls cabin pressure
Safety/Dump valve- in case of emergency
131
What is differential pressure?
The difference in pressure of which the aircraft can handle
132
How long are AIRMETS good for?
6 hours
133
What are the types of AIRMETS?
Tango: Turbulence
Sierra: Mountain Obscurations
Zulu: Icing
134
What are some airspaces you can't fly in?
Prohibited (P-####)
Restricted (R-####)
MOA (No IFR)
TFR (Notam)
135
How long are normal SIGMETS good for?
4 hours
136
How long are convective SIGMETS good for?
2 hours and updated hourly
137
How long are hurricane SIGMETs good for?
6 hours
138
What is Radiation fog?
Ground cools, surrounding air cools to dew point ... burns off in the morning
139
What is Advection fog?
Moist air moves over cooler ground or water ... *PNW*
140
What is steam fog?
Cold and dry air moves over warm water creating fog ... affects seaplanes
141
What is upslope fog?
Moist stable air moves up terrain and cools ... causing AIRMET (S)
142
What is precipitation fog?
Warm rain falls through cool air .. dense and long lasting fog
143
What is freezing fog?
Water droplets supercooled in air ... must be below 15 degrees C
144
What is a single cell thunderstorm?
One updraft
Small hail, gusty winds, heavy rain
145
What is a multi-cell thunderstorm?
Wind shear, medium sized hail, longer lasting
146
What is a super cell thunderstorm?
Big enough to be a tornado
Severe rainfall and winds
147
How far should you fly away from thunderstorms?
At least 20 NM
148
What are the stages of a thunderstorm?
Cumulus, mature, dissipating
149
How is wind shear caused?
Warm/cold fronts, temperature inversions
150
What are the characteristics of a high pressure system?
Light winds and clear skies
Moves clockwise and outward
151
What are the characteristics of a low pressure system?
Poor visibility, rain, fog
Counter-clockwise downward
152
Describe a warm front
10-25 MPH
Light to moderate precipitation, poor visibility
153
Describe a cold front
25-30 MPH
Heavy rain, lightening, hail
154
Describe a stationary front
Persistent weather
Red and blue spikes
155
Describe an occluded front
Cold front catches up to warm front
Mixture of weather found in all fronts
