Street Chemestry Flashcards
Class Day 3 (45 cards)
What is a Hazardous Material?
A SUBSTANCE THAT WHEN RELEASED IS CAPABLE OF CREATING HARM TO PEOPLE, ANIMALS, THE ENVIRONMENT AND PROPERTY
3 STATES OF MATTER
SOLID
LIQUID
GAS
SOLID BASICS
SPECIFIC MASS
SPECIFIC VOLUME
SPECIFIC SHAPE
LIQUID BASICS
SPECIFIC MASS
SPECIFIC VOLUME
NO SPECIFIC SHAPE
GAS BASICS
SPECIFIC MASS
NO SPECIFIC VOLUME
NO SPECIFIC SHAPE
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
CAN EASILY BE OBSERVED OR MEASURED
ETC: APPEARANCE, COLOR, TEXTURE, ODOR, MELTING POINT, BOILING POINT, DENSITY, SOLUBILITY, POLARITY
VARIABLES THAT INFLUENCE PHYSICAL STATE
TEMPERATURE ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE MOLECULAR WEIGHT MOLECULAR SHAPE POLARITY
WHAT ARE THE AMBIENT CONDITIONS?
68 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT AND AT SEA LEVEL
MEASUREMENTS OF VAPOR PRODUCTS
%- IS FLAMMABLE
PPM - IS TOXIC PRODUCTS
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE IS EQUAL TO…
1 ATMOSPHERE= 1 ATM 14.7 PSI 760 mm/Hg 1 BAR
WHAT IS EVAPORATION
SURFACE PHENOMENON
AS SURFACE AREA INCREASES, EVAPORATION RATE INCREASES
WHAT IS BOILING POINT?
AT THE BOILING POINT, MOLECULES ANYWHERE IN THE LIQUID MAY BE VAPORIZED. RESULTING IN THE FORMATION OF VAPOR BUBBLES
WHAT IS CONDENSATION?
GAS TO LIQUID
WHAT IS MELTING POINT?
TEMPERATURE AT WHICH A SOLID TURNS INTO A LIQUID.
THE TEMPERATURE AT WHICH A SUBSTANCE FREEZES IS THE SAME AS ITS MELTING POINT
WHAT IS THE FREEZING POINT?
THE TEMPERATURE AT WHICH A SUBSTANCE FREEZES, TURING FROM A LIQUID TO A SOLID
WHAT IS SUBLIMATION?
WHEN A SOLID TURNS TO A GAS WITH NO LIQUID STAGE
DRY ICE
WHAT IS SOLUBILITY?
THE ABILITY OF A SUBSTANCE TO DISSOLVE INTO ANOTHER SUBSTANCE OF MATERIAL. THIS IS CALLED A SATURATED SOLUTION.
WHAT IS MISCIBLE?
IT WILL BLEND WITH WATER
WHAT IS IMISCIBLE?
IT WILL NOT BLEND WITH WATER
WHAT IS SPECIFIC GRAVITY?
A PHYSICAL PROPERTY THAT TELLS US WHETHER A LIQUID WILL FLOAT OR SINK.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF WATER IS 1.0
IF THE SG IS GREATER THAT 1.0, IT WILL SINK
IF THE SG IS LESS THAN 1.0, IT WILL FLOAT.
EXAMPLE ( OIL HAS A SG LESS THAN 1, IT FLOATS)
WHAT IS VISCOSITY?
HOW MUCH A LIQUID RESISTS FLOWING
THE MORE VISCOUS THE MATERIAL, THE LESS ITS GOING TO FLOW
THE less VISCOUS, THE MORE IT WILL FLOW.
WHAT IS VAPOR PRESSURE?
MEASURE OF THE ABILITY OF A LIQUID TO CHANGE INTO VAPOR OR GAS
0-760mm/Hg IS LIQUID
LESS THAN 0 IS SOLID
GREATER THAN 760mm/Hg is a Gas
HOW DOES VAPOR PRESSURE INCREASE?
INCREASE IN TEMPERATURE
INCREASE IN CONCENTRATION
DECREASE IN ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
WHAT IS THE BOILING POINT OF A SUBSTANCE?
VAPOR PRESSURE OF THAT SUBSTANCE IS EQUAL TO 760mm/Hg
