Stroke Flashcards
(11 cards)
1
Q
What are the causes of a stroke?
A
Thrombosis in situ/small vessel occlusion
Cardiac emboli
Atherothromboembolism
CNS bleeds
2
Q
What are the modifiable risk factors for a stroke?
A
HTN Smoking DM Heart disease PVD Carotid bruit COCP ^lipids ^alcohol use ^clotting syphillus
3
Q
What signs suggest a haemorrhagic stroke?
A
Miningism
Sever head ache
Coma
4
Q
What signs suggest a ischemic stroke?
A
Carotid bruit
AF
Past TIA
IHD
5
Q
What signs mayyou see in a cerebral infarct?
A
Depends on site:
- contralateral sensory loss or hemipleagia
- Initially flaccid becomes spastic (UMN)
- Dysphasia
- Homonymous hemianopia
- Visuo-spatial deficit
6
Q
What signs may you see in a brainstem infarct?
A
Include:
- Quadriplegia
- Disturbance of gaze and vision
- Locked in syndrome
7
Q
What signs may you see in a Lacunar infarct?
A
Five syndromes:
- ataxiz hemiparesis
- pure motor
- pure sensory
- sensorimotor
- dysarthria/clumsy hand
8
Q
What is the management of a stroke?
A
ABCDE Screen swallow CT/MRI within 1hr or 24 hrs Aspirin (once haemorrhagic stoke excluded) Thrombolysis Thrombectomy
9
Q
How do you manage BP during a stroke?
A
Only treat BP if hypertensive emergency - encephalopathy or aortic dissection OR thrombolysis is considered Aim for <185/110 Treating High BP can reduce cerebral perfusion
10
Q
What are the guidelines for when to give thrombolysis?
A
Tx started within 4.5 hours of onset of Sx
Haemorrhage excluded by imaging
In a organised stroke service
11
Q
What drug is used for thrombolysis?
A
Alteplase
