Strong Acids & Bases

Question 1

Hydrochloric Acid

Answer 1

HCl

Question 2

Hydrobromic Acid

Answer 2

HBr

Question 3

Hydroiodic Acid

Answer 3

HI

Question 4

Nitric Acid

Answer 4

HNO3

Question 5

Chloric Acid

Answer 5

HClO3

Question 6

Perchloroic Acid

Answer 6

HClO4

Question 7

Sulfuric Acid

Answer 7

H2SO4

Question 8

Hydronium Ion

Answer 8

H3O+

Question 9

Lithium Hydroxide Base

Answer 9

LiOH

Question 10

Sodium Hydroxide Base

Answer 10

NaOH

Question 11

Potassium Hydroxide

Answer 11

KOH

Question 12

Calcium Hydroxide Base

Answer 12

Ca(OH)2 (slightly soluble)

Question 13

Barium Hydroxide Base

Answer 13

Ba(OH)2

Question 14

Strontium Hydroxide Base

Answer 14

Sr(OH)2

Question 15

Acid Strength

Answer 15

Inversely Proportional to bond dissociation energy

Increase left to right

Increases top to bottom

Directly proportional to anion radius (larger = stronger Acid)

Question 16

Magnesium Hydroxide Base

Answer 16

Mg(OH)2

Question 17

Cations

Answer 17

Acidic

Question 18

Anions

Answer 18

Bases, basic

Question 19

Neutral Salt

Answer 19

Strong acid and Base

Question 20

Basic salt

Answer 20

Weak acid and strong base

Question 21

Acidic Salt

Answer 21

Strong acid and weak base

Question 22

Arrhenius Theory

Answer 22

Acid forms H- in water and base forms OH- in water

Question 23

Bronsted Lowry Acid

Answer 23

Proton donor

Must have removable (acidic) proton

Question 24

Bronsted Lowry Base

Answer 24

Proton acceptor

Must have a pair of non bonding electrons (lone pairs)

Question 25

Lewis Acids

Answer 25

Electron-pair acceptors | Any atoms with empty valence orbital

Question 26

Lewis Bases

Answer 26

Electron pair donors Anything that could be bronsted Lowry Base Can interact with things other than protons

Question 27

pH

Answer 27

pH= -log [H3O+]

Question 28

[H3O+]

Answer 28

= 10^ (-pH)

Question 29

Percent Ionization (5% Rule)

Answer 29

[H3O+]eq ————— (100) [HA]i

Question 30

Strongest Ion Dipole Forces

Answer 30

``` Ion dipole Dipole dipole Ion induced Dipole induced Dispersion ```

Question 31

First Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 31

Delta E =q + w No work w= 0 Heat received +q work done BY system -w