structure and bonding Flashcards
what are the three types of chemical bonds
ionic, covalent and metallic
what is an ionic bond
a bond betweeo a metal and non metal in which electrins have been exchanged
what is a covalent bond
a bond between the two non metals in which electrons are shared
what is a metallic bond
a bond between metal wtoms in which electrins are delocalised
how does an ionic compound form
the metal loses electrons to get full outer shell becomingn a positively charged ion while tje non metal gains electrons becoming a negatively charged ion, the oppositely charged iond are electrostatically attracted to each other
what is the charge of an ion from group 1
+1
what is the charge of an ion from geoup 2
+2
what is the charge of an ion from group 6
-2
what is the charge of an ion from group 7
-1
what is an ionic compound
a giant structure of ions which are held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions
what are simple molecules
small molecules such as oxygen and water thay contain atoms joined together by covalent bonds
what is the state symol of a solid
s
what is the state synbolnof a liquid
l
what is the state symbol of a gas
g
what is the state symbol for an aqausos sokuyion
aq
what are the properties of ionic compounds
high melting and boiling point, dont conduct electricity when solid but do when molten or dissolved
why do ionic compounds have a high melting and boiling point
strong bonds between molecules which takes lots of energy to overcome
why cant ionic compounds conduct electricity when solid
ions are unable to move freely
why can ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten or dissolved
ions are free and so are able to move
what are the properties of simple molecules
low melting and boiling point, poor conductors
why do simple molecules have low melting and boilinh points
weak bonds between the molecules and so little energy is needed to overcome these bonds
what are examples of giant covalent structures
diamond and graphite
what is the structure of a diamond
each carbon atom is covalently bonded to 4 others in a giant structure
what is the struvutre of graphite
each carbon atoms is covalently bonded to 3 others in a giant structures
