Structure and Forces

Question 1

What are structures

Answer 1

An object with a definite shape or size and serves a specific purpose or function

Question 2

3 types of structures

Answer 2

Mass
Frame
Shell

Question 3

What is a Mass structure

Answer 3

a structure that is made by pilling a lot of materials on it with no inside

Question 4

What is a Frame structure

Answer 4

a structure that is made by using good materials to build a skeleton and building walls around it.

Question 5

What is a Shell structure

Answer 5

a structure that is made by using few materials to build a shell around to make cover, used to containers.

Question 6

Disadvantages and advantages of mass structure

Answer 6

Disadvantage- very expensive, uses a lot of material, cannot go inside

Advantage- very sturdy

Question 7

Disadvantages and advantages of frame structure

Answer 7

Disadvantage-not as stable as a mass structure

advantage-uses less materials, can go inside

Question 8

Disadvantages and advantages of shell structure

Answer 8

Disadvantage-one small mistake breaks the entire structure

Advantage-cheap, not a lot of materials

Question 9

3 examples of a mass structure

Answer 9

Beaver Dam
Apple
Brick wall

Question 10

3 examples of a frame structure

Answer 10

House, Skeleton, Mushroom

Question 11

3 examples of a shell structure

Answer 11

Leaf, Balloon, Container

Question 12

What is Aesthetics

Answer 12

Appealing to the human eye to get someone to buy it. Making it look good.

Question 13

Saftey

Answer 13

Making sure the margin of saftey meets its requirements to make sure it doesn’t break without knowing.

Question 14

Cost

Answer 14

Making sure you are using materials that are good for the cost of the structure.

Question 15

Materials

Answer 15

Making sure the materials are sturdy and won’t break fast.

Question 16

What is a composite material

Answer 16

A material using 2 layers

ex. concrete and steel rods

Question 17

What is a layered material

Answer 17

A material using many layers like a car windshield

Question 18

What is woven materials

Answer 18

twisting 2 materials together to make them stronger

ex. shoe laces

Question 19

Mobile vs Rigid joints

Answer 19

Mobile can move the joints

Rigid cannot move the joints

Question 20

5 types of Rigid joints

Answer 20

Fasteners ex. bolts
Interlocking shapes ex. lego
ties ex. thread
Adhesives ex. glue
melting ex. welding and soldering

Question 21

Welding vs Soldering

Answer 21

Welding is melting metals together

Soldering is adding an extra layer of metal around the other metals and melting it together.

Question 22

Mass vs Force

Answer 22

Mass is the gravitational pull on you to the Earth measured in Newtons

Force is what you are made up of measured in Killograms or Grams

Question 23

How is Mass measured

Answer 23

Using Balance

Question 24

How is weight measured

Answer 24

Using a Scale

Question 25

What is force

Answer 25

A push or pull or anything that causes a change in the shape or motion of an object.

Question 26

External vs Internal Forces

Answer 26

External a force from the outside of the structure Internal a force from the inside of the structure

Question 27

What are the 4 Internal Forces?

Answer 27

Shear Tension Torison Compression

Question 28

Describe each Internal Force

Answer 28

Shear - ripping ( ripping paper ) Tension - pulling ( pulling a rubber band ) Torison - twisting ( twisting a wet towl ) Compression - squishing ( stepping on carpet )

Question 29

Dead load vs Live load

Answer 29

Dead load is the weight of the structure Live load is the weight of objects inside the structure

Question 30

4 ways materials fail

Answer 30

Shear Torison Compression/bend Metal Fatigue

Question 31

Describe each ways materials fail

Answer 31

Shear- weight of building causing the soil to shear Torison- twisting can lead structures to break apart and become tangled Compression/bending- a tin can will break or fold up when its compressed Metal fatigue- When metal breaks from rust or too much weight on it

Question 32

3 Ways designers design structures

Answer 32

Distribute the load through the structure Direct the forces along angled components Shape parts to withstand the different forces

Question 33

Difference between Pillings and Footings

Answer 33

Pillings are meant for buildings and they are just a straight line down to reach bedrock. Footings are meant for houses and they are an upsidedown T to hit bedrock.

Question 34

Difference between loadbaring walls and partial walls

Answer 34

Loadbaring walls take the load of the structure Partial walls make up rooms in the structure and don't hold any load

Question 35

What is Spin Stabilization

Answer 35

When something is spinning it will stay up but when its not it will fall down. Like a bike