Structure and Function

Question 1

head and neck assessment focuses on the…

Answer 1

cranium, face, thyroid gland and lymph nodes.

Question 2

what is the framework of the head?

Answer 2

skull

Question 3

what are the two subsections of skull?

Answer 3

cranium and face

Question 4

it houses and protects the brain and major sensory organs.

Answer 4

cranium

Question 5

how many bones are in the cranium?

Answer 5

8

Question 6

identify the 8 cranium bones.

Answer 6

frontal (1)
parietal (2)
temporal (2)
occipital (1)
ethmoid (1)
sphenoid (1)

Question 7

in the adult client, the cranial bones are joined together by immovable…

Answer 7

sutures

Question 8

what are the 4 immovable sutures of cranial bones?

Answer 8

sagittal, coronal, squamous and lambdoid sutures.

Question 9

how many bones are in facial bones?

Answer 9

14

Question 10

identify the 14 facial bones.

Answer 10

maxilla (2)
zygomatic cheek (2)
inferior conchae (2)
nasal (2)
lacrimal (2)
palatine (2)
vomer (1)
mandible jaw (1)

Question 11

all of the facial bones are immovable except for the…

Answer 11

mandible

Question 12

it has free movement (up, down, and sideways) at the temporomandibular joint TMJ.

Answer 12

mandible

Question 13

a major artery that is located between the eye and the top of the ear.

Answer 13

temporal artery

Question 14

are located at each side of the face anterior and inferior to the ears and behind the mandible.

Answer 14

parotid glands

Question 15

are located inferior to the mandible, underneath the base of the tongue.

Answer 15

submandibular glands

Question 16

this is composed of muscles, ligaments and the cervical vertebrae.

Answer 16

neck

Question 17

what are the two paired muscles that allow movement and provide support to the head and neck?

Answer 17

sternomastoid (sternocleidomastoid) and trapezius

Question 18

it rotates and flexes the head.

Answer 18

sternomastoid muscle

Question 19

it extends the head and moves the shoulders.

Answer 19

trapezius muscle

Question 20

it is responsible for muscle movements that permit shrugging of the shoulders by the trapezius muscle and turning the head against resistance by the sternomastoid muscle.

Answer 20

eleventh cranial nerve (accessory nerve)

Question 21

it is located under the mandible , anterior to the sternomastoid muscle.

Answer 21

anterior triangle/anterior cervical

Question 22

it is located between the trapezius and sternomastoid muscle.

Answer 22

posterior triangle/posterior cervical

Question 23

it is located in the posterior neck and supports the cranium.

Answer 23

cervical vertebrae (C1 through C7)

Question 24

largest endocrine gland in the body. it produces thyroid hormones that increase the metabolic rate of most body cells.

Answer 24

thyroid gland

Question 25

this is where the air enters the lungs and is composed of C-shaped hyaline cartilage rings.

Answer 25

trachea

Question 26

the first upper tracheal ring is called

Answer 26

cricoid cartilage

Question 27

also called "adams apple"

Answer 27

thyroid cartilage

Question 28

attached to the tongue, lies above the thyroid cartilage and under the mandible.

Answer 28

hyoid bone

Question 29

larger and located just above the cricoid cartilage

Answer 29

thyroid cartilage

Question 30

the thyroid gland consist of two lateral lobes that curve posteriorly on both sides of the trachea and esophagus and are mostly covered by the...

Answer 30

sternomastoid muscle.

Question 31

what connect the two lateral lobes of the thyroid gland?

Answer 31

isthmus

Question 32

a clear substance composed mostly of excess fluid, after the lymphatic vessels collect it but before it turns to the vascular system.

Answer 32

lymph nodes filter lymph

Question 33

What do lymph nodes produce that serve as a defense against invasion by foreign substances?

Answer 33

lymphocytes and antibodies

Question 34

they are either not palpable or may be seen like very small beads.

Answer 34

lymph nodes

Question 35

if the nodes become overwhelmed by microorganisms, as happens with infections such as ____ they swell and become painful.

Answer 35

mononucleosis

Question 36

what are the most common head and neck lymph nodes?

Answer 36

•preauricular •postauricular •tonsillar •occipital •submandibular •submental •superficial cervical •posterior cervical •deep cervical •supraclavicular

Question 37

COLDSPA stands for?

Answer 37

Character, Onset, Location,Duration,Severity,Pattern,Associated factors

Question 38

sudden head and neck pain seen with elevated temperature and neck stiffness may be a sign of?

Answer 38

meningeal inflammation

Question 39

older clients may experience neck pain and a decreased range in motion especially those who have...

Answer 39

arthritis or osteoporosis

Question 40

a sudden severe headache with no known cause may be a sign of what?

Answer 40

stroke

Question 41

muscle contraction head ache may be caused by tightening of____ and ___muscle.

Answer 41

facial and neck muscle

Question 42

is manifested by sharp, shooting, piercing facial pains that last from seconds to minutes. pain occurs from the division of the fifth cranial nerve ( the ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular area)

Answer 42

trigeminal neuralgia

Question 43

lumps and lesions that do not heal may indicate what?

Answer 43

cancer

Question 44

may appear as a large swelling at the base of the neck that the client may notice when shaving or putting on cosmetics.

Answer 44

goiter (enlarged thyroid gland)

Question 45

sudden trouble walking, dizziness or loss of balance or coordination msy be a sign of?

Answer 45

stroke

Question 46

sudden weakness of numbness of the face, arms or legs, especially on one side of the body may indicate...

Answer 46

stroke

Question 47

radiation therapy has been linked to the development of?

Answer 47

thyroid cancer.

Question 48

radiation to the neck area may also cause...

Answer 48

esophageal structures

Question 49

the risk of ____ increases head and neck irradiation.

Answer 49

hypothyroidism