Structure and function of blood Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Structure and function of blood Deck (14)
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1
Q

Principle sites of haematopoiesis in the foetus

A

Yolk sac first couple months

Then liver/spleen

2
Q

Main sites of haematopoiesis in adult

A

Marrow of sternum, vertebrae, pelvis, femur, humerus

3
Q

Two main cell lineages arising from haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs)

A

Common lymphoid progenitor- gives rise to lymphocytes

Common myeloid progenitor- gives rise to everything else

4
Q

Erythrocytes and platelets arise from…

A

Megakaryocyte/erythroid progenitor

5
Q

Granulocytes and macrophages arise from…

A

Granulocyte/macrophage progenitor

6
Q

What process in megakaryocytes gives rise to platelets?

A

‘Budding’

7
Q

Structure of neutrophils

A

Neutral staining; segmented nucleus

8
Q

Function of neutrophils (2)

A

Phagocytose opsonized microbes and kill with granule contents; attract other immune cells

9
Q

Function of eosinophils (2)

A

Fight parasitic infections;

Involved in hypersensitivity reactions e.g. atopic rhinitis

10
Q

Infrequent in circulation; circulating version of mast cell

A

Basophils

11
Q

Circulate for a week, enter tissue and become macrophages

A

Monocytes

12
Q

Main roles of macrophages (2)

A

Killing by phagocytosis

Antigen presentation to lymphocytes

13
Q

Differences between normal and “activated” lymphocytes (2)

A

Activated are:

  1. larger
  2. more “open” chromatin
14
Q

What does the presence of atypical lymphocytes suggest?

A

Intercurrent viral infection