structure of atom Flashcards

1
Q

it was known by 1900 that the atom was an indivisible particle which contained atleast one subatomic particle. what was this and who was it identified by?

A

electron identified by JJ thomson

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2
Q

what are canal rays?

A

E. goldstein in 1886 discovered the presence of new radiations in a gas discharge and called them canal rays . they were positively charged radiations.

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3
Q

what is the mass of a proton with respect to an electron?

A

2000 times that of electron

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4
Q

what is the charge and mass of electron?

A

mass of an electron is considered negligible and its charge is -1

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5
Q

Who was the first to propose a model for the structure of an atom?

A

JJ thomson

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6
Q

What is the radius of a nucleus with respect to that of an atom?

A

about 10^5 less than that of the atom

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7
Q

Who first discovered neutrons?

A

J. Chadwick

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8
Q

what is the charge and mass of neutron?

A

a neutron has no charge and a mass nearly equal to that of a proton.

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9
Q

what are the symbols for proton, electron and neutron respectively?

A

p^+ , e^- , n

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10
Q

Neutrons are present in the nucleus of all atoms, with the exception of _

A

hydrogen

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11
Q

who suggested the distribution of electrons into different orbits of atoms?

A

Bohr and Bury

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12
Q

what are valence electrons?

A

the electrons present in the outermost shell of atoms

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13
Q

what causes a substance to have a combining capacity?

A

the tendency of atoms to react and form molecules was explained as an attempt to attain a fully filled outermost shell (which would make them inert).

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14
Q

what is octet?

A

an outermost shell with 8 electrons is said to possess an octet.

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15
Q

how is valency of an element found?

A

it is the number of electrons gained or lost in an atom in order to make an octet in its outermost shell.

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16
Q

what is atomic number and what is it denoted by?

A

The total number of protons present in the nucleus of an atom gives its atomic mass. It is denoted by “Z”.

17
Q

what are protons and neutrons collectively called?

A

nucleons

18
Q

what is mass number and what is it denoted by ?

A

the sum of total number of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus of an atom is its mass number. it is denoted by”A”.

19
Q

what are isotopes?

A

isotopes are defined as the atoms of the same element having the same atomic number but different mass numbers.

20
Q

name the three isotopes of hydrogen.

A

protium, deuterium, tritium

21
Q

pg 52 learn isotopes of carbon

A

learnt

22
Q

what are isobars?

A

atoms of different elements with different atomic numbers but same mass numbers are called isobars.