Structure of Matter Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is an Element?
A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler molecular compounds
What is the Periodic Table?
Elements that are lined up in Cycles and Periods
What are Atoms?
It is the smallest particle of any element that still retains the characteristics of that element
They’re made up of protons, neutrons and electrons.
What is the Atomic number of an Atom?
It is the number of protons found in the nucleus of that atom
What is a Molecule?
Groups of two or more atoms which have been chemically bonded
What is an Ion?
Atoms/molecules which have gained or lost one or more of their valence electrons
As a result, they will have a negative or positive charge, respectively.
What is an Isotope?
Atoms of an element that have the same number of protons but differing numbers of neutrons in their nuclei.
They will have similar/identical chemical properties, I.e. they will have the same atomic number but different mass number.
Equation for Pressure?
Pressure = Force x Area
Equation for Mass
Mass = Volume x Density
What is Brownian motion?
Random motion of particles suspended in fluid due to their collisions with atoms/molecules
What is a Pure Substance?
This is an element that cannot be decomposed into a simpler substance
What is Radioactivity?
This is the release of energy and matter, causing a change to the nucleus of the atom.
Elements with an atomic number >83 are unstable and radioactive.
What is Ionisation?
This is the physical process of converting an atom or molecule into an ion by adding or removing charged particles.
