Structure of Matter SL Flashcards
Define elementary particle
A particle tht is not composed of other partcles
How much energy in a photon released by annihilation?
mc^2 where the mass is of both combined
What are hadrons
Baryons(made of three quarks) and Mesons(made of quark-anti-quark state: only one quark and one anti-quark)
What is the baryon number of Baryon and Meson
Baryon: +1 Meson: 0
What is conserved in all particle interactions?
Charge, Lepton number and baryon number
What is strangeness? How do you use this to calculate the Force of interaction that decay occurs?
For every strange quark, the hadron gains a strangeness of -1, and for each anti-strange quark +1. If strangeness is conserved, the decay was via strong nuclear force or electromagnetic, and if not conserved, it has to be weak. interaction.
What are leptons
small particles that have a lepton number of +1, and anti-leptons -1
How does force work in particle physics?
A fermion(particle with mass) emmits a gauge boson(exchange particle) carrying momentum, which is absorbed by another fermion.
Forces are mediated by gauge bosons
What are the gauge bosons for each force and what is the relationship with distance?
Electromagnetic- photon- decreases with distance
Gravitational- graviton- decreases with distance
Strong nuclear force- gluons and mesons- increases with distance
Weak nuclear force- W+, W-, Z0- decreases with distance
What is the Higgs Field and Higgs Boson
Higgs field- particles with mass interact here.By interacting with it they gain mass
What are the four conservation laws that must be obeyed when calculating?
- Baryon number
- Charge
- Lepton number
- Strangeness(omitting weak interaction)
What are the fundamental ideas of the Feynman diagram
- Time flows from left to right
- matter is a bold arrow going right, anti is pointing left
- bosons are squiggly lines
- Interaction is shown as a junction
