Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Cardio anatomy > Structure Of Pericardium > Flashcards

Structure Of Pericardium Flashcards

(94 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

The heart is situated in the————,vertebrae level———

A

middle mediastinum; T5-T8 vertebral level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The heart is placed more towards ——-of the midline and almost hidden by the——- and covered by——-

A
  • left
  • lungs
  • pericardium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Measures ——cm and weighs—— in males and—— in females

A

12X9 cm

300g male

250g female

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

thoracic cavity divided into:

1) ———-, where lungs are present, and
2) ———-.

A

1) the pulmonary cavities

2) mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

middle partition between the pulmonary cavities

A

Mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The mediastinum is located between

A

the 2 pleural cavities (each one enclose 1 lung)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Both pericardium + heart are in

A

middle mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

pericardium attached to the—— below

and attached to the——- superiorly

A

diagram

great vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The great vessels are:

A

asending aorta,
pulmonary trunk,
superior and inferior vena ceva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The mediastinum is devided into

A

superoir and inferior ( at T4 vertebra)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Thet heart and pericardium is covered by the——— and the——- except a small part at ———-is covered by the sternum

A

plural cavity

lungs

4th + 5th costal cartilage level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Inferior mediastinum has —- parts

A

3parts: anterior, middle, posterior.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

heart’s located in

A

middle of inferior mediastinum In between the lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

heart’s actually laying on a

A

diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Great vessels

Function

A

They take blood from the heart to lungs, and then from the lungs to hearts and from the to the rest of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Vena Cavas take blood———-, while the pulmonary artery and aorta————

A
  • to the heart

- take blood away from the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

heart is separated from the lungs by

A

pericardium and pleura .

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The heart is surrounded by

A

lungs covered by pleura, and
sternum,
esophagus, and
aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Anterior to the heart
2/3 left;
1/3 right;

A 
Sternum
Left costal cartilages
Intercostal muscles 
Pleural cavity
Anterior ends of left 3-5ribs

Right;

Sternum
Right costal cartilages
Intercostal muscles
Pleural cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Posterior to heart

A

esophagus,
aorta, and
left pulmonary vein.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

structures that separate the heart from the vertebral column

A

esophagus, aorta, and left pulmonary vein. These ( the posterior structures to the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Endocardium
Definition?
Formed by?

A

Innermost layer of the heart

-simple squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Myocardium

A

Outside the endocardium

Thick layer formed by cardiac muscle fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Epicardium

A

Visceral layer of serous pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Pericardial cavity
Outside of the visceral pericardium,. | This cavity collects blood, fluid,etc.
26
In normal conditions, what’s secreting the fluid in the pericardial cavity?
epithelium lining the pericardium. As the epithelium lining the epicardium and parietal pericardium lined is simple squamous epithelium. They secret pericardial fluid
27
Pericardium is a closed sac has 2 layers and between them ?
1)fibrous pericardium 2)serous pericardium Pericardial cavity Fibroserous membrane that covers the heart and beginning of great vessels
28
Serous pericardium has 2 layers
Parietal pericardium | Visceral pericardium
29
Visceral pericardium
Covers the heart closely
30
Between Parietal pericardium and | Visceral pericardium
Pericardial cavity= pericardiul fluid
31
Parietal pericardium
Outer layer of the serous pericardium
32
Parietal pericardium reflected onto the heart at
Root of vessels
33
Parietal pericardium has —— lines inner surface of parietal layer and out surface of visceral layer
Mesothelium
34
Fibrous pericardium joins with
Diaphragm
35
Inner surface of fibrous pericardium is lined by
Parietal layer of serous pericardium
36
Fibrous pericardium continues with—— attached to —— anteriorly , It’s function ——
Walls of great vessels Sternum Protect heart
37
Pericardial sinuses
1) transverse pericardial sinus | 2) oblique sinus
38
Transverse pericardial sinus lies between ————and ————-, and ————-
the pericardial layers covering aorta pulmonary trunk anteriorly pulmonary veins and SVC posterio
39
Oblique sinus lies between
pulmonary veins behind the transverse sinus and left atrium
40
Oblique sinus provides
extra space for | enlarging atria when receiving blood
41
Which arteries supply the pericardium?
It’s supplied on either side by | pericardicophrenic artery
42
pericardicophrenic artery is a
branch of the internal thoracic( mammary )on each side!.
43
nerve supply to the pericardium
the phrenic nerve C3 C5,which is | sensory, Which also a motor supply to diaphragm
44
Blood supply
1) internal thoracic (mammary) artery 2) pericardiacophrenic artery (mainly) 3) branch of musclophrenic artery 1) brachiocephalic vein 2) pericardiophrenic veins
45
Nerve supply to pericardium
Phrenic nerve c3-c5 Vagus nerve (unknown function) Sympathetic (vasomotor) nerve
46
Pericardiophrenic vein function
carry blood from the pericardium to brachiocephalic veins
47
Pain sensations carried by the phrenic nerve is
referred to the skin of the supraclavicular region of the same side
48
Borders and surfaces of the heart
Heart has 4 borders and 4 surfaces Borders;superior, right, left, inferior border Surfaces;
49
Apex formed by
left | ventricle
50
Apex Lies post to
Lt 5th intercostal space-9 cm from midline
51
Apex beat-felt-
mitral valve | closure
52
Right border formed by
``` Right atrium (mainly ) Partly right ventricle ```
53
Left border formed by
Left ventricle
54
Superior border formed by
Ventricles
55
Inferior bOrder AKA
Diaphragmatic border
56
Inferior border formed by
Right ventricle
57
Base posteriorly formed mainly by
Lt atrium but partly by Rt | atrium
58
Base | Level in standing and laying down
Standing T6-T9 | Laying down T5-T8
59
The base of the heart extend from?
bifurcation of pulmonary trunk to coronary sulcus
60
Left pulmonary surface formed mainly by
Lt ventricle
61
Diaphragmatic surface formed mainly by
Lt ventricle
62
Right atrium definition / composed of
Interior- thin-walled smooth posterior part (sinus venarum) and rough anterior part
63
The rough part in the RA called
crista terminalis
64
crista terminalis muscular ridges called
musculi pectinati (pectinate muscles-ridges)
65
• In the interatrial septum ————- forms a———-
limbus fossa ovalis, margin of fossa ovalis
66
Right Ventricle Interior of the right ventricle?
rough inflow part (post part) and smooth outflow part- | infundibulum (ant part)
67
The rough part of RV
trabeculae carneae
68
Trabeculae carneae contains 3 components:
3 papillary muscles. | They’re anterior papillary muscle, posterior papillary muscle, & septal papillary muscle.
69
The number of papillary muscles is equal to
number of cusps in the tricuspid valve. Therefore there are 3 papillary muscles.
70
Trabecule a carnea (muscular ridges) contain 3 types of fibers
① Simple ridges ② Connect 2 ends and under them there's space 3 Pilus “Big elevation of muscles a.k.a. pappilary muscle bridges”
71
Chordae tendenea have 2 ends one of the ends are attached to——- and the another end attached to the—
papilary muscle valve between the R. A and R.V.
72
The valve between the R.A. and the R.V. is called
tricuspid valve
73
tricuspid valve called why?
Cuz it has 3 cusps (anterior, posterior, septal) and each one is attached to one of the papilary muscle and named after it
74
cusp attached to the septal muscle called
septal cusp
75
Septomarginal (moderator) band-
from interventricular septum to the base of anterior papillary muscle
76
The tricuspid (TV; right atrioventricular) orifice is guarded by
tricuspid valve
77
tricuspid valve has
anterior, posterior and septal cusps
78
The cusps are
thin double folding of the endocardium
79
The chordae tendinae prevent
prolapse of the cusps into atria during systole (prevent blood backflow)
80
The L.A receives
4 pulmonary veins, 2 on left section (superior + inferior) and 2 on the right side (superior and inferior)
81
pulmonary veins pumps
oxygenated blood to the L.V pulmonary veins and pumps it to the left ventricle through the left atrioventricular orifice guarded by the mitral valve
82
``` Oval depression (fossa lunata) with a margin is an impression of fossa ovalis ventricle seen on the interatrial septum from rt atrial side ```
T
83
Left auricle has
Pectinate muscle
84
Left atrium has smooth-walled part Has and rough-walled auricle pectinate veins Four pulmonary vein open
T
85
Blood pressure is more in
left ventricle
86
L.V. Rough part
Receives blood from L.A.
87
mitrial valve has
2 cusps anterior + posterior
88
papilary muscles of | LV
2 papilary muscles ant. + post.
89
After the blood enter the L.V.. it will turn
90 degree twice Ya3ni total 180 and enter the smooth part ((Called aortic vestibule))
90
Aortic vestibule-
smooth- walled antero-superior part- ventricle | outflow tract
91
Papillary muscles are —-than that in right ventricle
larger
92
Trabeculae carneae (muscle I nflow ridges) are —-compared to right ventricle
finer and numerous
93
Mitral valve
Two cusps
94
Mitral valve | Two cusps- posterior has—- surface area than the anterior
more

Cardio anatomy (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions