Structure Of The Atom Flashcards
What is the smallest unit of an element?
Fill in the blanks:
They are the building block of ____. Each element has _____ type(s) of this.
An atom
Matter
Only one
What does an atom’s dense nucleus contain?
Most of the atom’s mass, and to subatomic particles called protons and neutrons
What surrounds the nucleus of an atom?
Energy levels called orbitals or shells
What do orbitals in atoms contain?
Electrons
Each element on the periodic table has ______ number(s) of protons in the nucleus.
A different
What kind of charge to protons have?
Positive
If you change the number of protons, you change _____.
Elements
What charge do atoms of elements have and how many electrons and protons do they have?
They have no charge and the number of electrons are equal to the number of protons
What kind of charge do electrons have?
Negative
Where are electrons found in an atom?
In energy levels [orbitals] about the nucleus
Why are electrons held to an atom?
Because of the oppositely charged nucleus
Electrons in the outer orbitals have _____ energy and can be lost, game or shared when ______ with atoms of other elements
The most
Chemically combined
What are electrons in the outer orbit of an atom called?
Valence electrons
If you change the number of electrons, you ____ the element.
Ionize
Other then protons and electrons what do elements have?
Neutrons
What kind of charge to neutrons have?
No charge
Where are neutrons found?
In the nucleus of the atoms
If you change the number of neutrons in the nucleus, you have an _____ of their element.
Isotope
What are the elements in the periodic table arranged by?
Atomic number
What is the atomic number equal to?
The number of protons in the nucleus
What is the number of protons determine in an element?
What the element is placement on the table
Since atoms are electrically neutral, what are the number of protons equal to?
Number of electrons
What is the atomic mass, or mass number equal to?
The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
How do you find the number of neutrons from an element on the periodic table?
Subtract the atomic number [#P] from the mass number
Atomic mass-atomic number= # of neutrons
(P+N)-(P)=#N
