Structure of the Earth 1 Flashcards
(11 cards)
What are the main layers of the Earth?
The Earth is made up of the crust, mantle, and iron and nickel core.
What is the crust?
The crust is a thin layer where we live, formed by magma pushed up to the surface through volcanoes.
What does the crust contain?
The crust contains various minerals arranged in crystals. Large crystals indicate that the rock has cooled slowly.
What is the mantle?
The mantle is a semi-liquid layer beneath the crust.
What are the outer and inner core made of?
The outer and inner core are made of iron and nickel.
What are the two types of igneous rocks?
The two types of igneous rocks are intrusive and extrusive.
What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive rocks?
Intrusive rocks cool slowly underground, while extrusive rocks cool quickly on the surface.
Can you give an example of extrusive and intrusive rocks?
An example of extrusive rock is basalt; an example of intrusive rock is granite.
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
Sedimentary rocks are formed by layers of sediment, including dead matter, laid down in water bodies over millions of years.
What happens to the layers of sediment?
Layers are cemented together and can contain fossils, which are the long-dead remains of plants and animals.
Can you provide examples of sedimentary rocks?
Examples of sedimentary rocks include limestone, chalk, and sandstone.
