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Anatomy > Structure of the Neck & Cervical Spine > Flashcards

Structure of the Neck & Cervical Spine Flashcards

1
Q

What are the boundaries of the anterior triangle?

A

Inferior border of mandible
Anterior border of SCM
Midline of neck

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2
Q

What are the boundaries of the posterior triangle?

A

Posterior border of SCM
Middle 3rd of clavicle
Anterior border of trapezius

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3
Q

What are the names of the 3 compartments in the neck?

A

Visceral compartment
Vascular compartment
Vertebral compartment

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4
Q

Describe the superficial fascia in the neck

A

Continuous with superficial fascia of thorax

Connects mandible and fascial muscles

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5
Q

Which neurovascular structures pierce the investing collar in the neck?

A

External and anterior jugular veins

Cervical plexus

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6
Q

Which compartment does the pretracheal fascia surround?

A

Visceral compartment

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7
Q

What is the pretracheal fascia called posteriorly?

A

Buccopharyngeal fascia

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8
Q

Which vessels pierce the pretracheal fascia?

A

Thyroid vessels

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9
Q

Which structures pierce the prevertebral fascia?

A

Cutaneous branches of cervical plexus

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10
Q

What is the axillary sheath?

A

Extension on prevertebral fascia over the 1st rib that surrounds the axillary vessels and brachial plexus

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11
Q

Which cranial nerve is in the carotid sheath?

A

Vagus (X)

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12
Q

What is the “danger space”?

A

Space between true retropharyngeal space and prevertebral fascia

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13
Q

What is the clinical significance of the danger space?

A

Infection spread from pharynx to posterior mediastinum via this space and the ‘true’ retropharyngeal space can result in fluid collection and abscesses in these areas

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14
Q

Which spinal level is the hyoid bone located?

A

C3

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15
Q

Which movements are facilitated by the cervical spine?

A

Lateral flexion

Rotation

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16
Q

What are the attachments of the ligamentum nuchae?

A

External occipital protuberance and foramen magnum

Spinous processes of the cervical vertebrae

17
Q

What are the unique features of C7?

A

Non-bifid spinous process for attachment of ligamentum nuchae

18
Q

What is a feature of cervical vertebrae that is unique to other vertebrae?

A

Foramen transversum for passage of vertebral artery

Bifid spinous process

19
Q

What is the unique feature of C2?

A

Dens

20
Q

What are the functions of the alar ligaments?

A

Prevent excessive rotation of the head and neck

Connects dens to occipital condyles

21
Q

Which structure is affected in whiplash injuries?

A

Anterior longitudinal ligament

22
Q

What is the level of C3/4 a landmark for?

A

Bifurcation of common carotid artery
Top of thyroid cartilage
Hyoid bone

23
Q

What is the level of C6 a landmark for?

A

Lower border of trachea/larynx

Upper border of oesophagus and trachea

24
Q

Where does the investing fascia extend to and from?

A

Occipital protuberance and superior nuchal line

–> Spine of scapula, clavicle, manubrium, C7

25
Q

Where does the pretrachel fascia extend to and from?

A

Hyoid bone and base of skull

–> Upper thoracic cavity

26
Q

What does the pretracheal fascia fuse with laterally?

A

Carotid sheath

27
Q

What are the attachments of the prevertebral fascia?

A

Superior nuchal line
Mastoid process
Endothoracic fascia
Anterior longitudinal ligament at T3/4

28
Q

What is found in the carotid sheath?

A 
CCA
ICA
Part of ECA
IJV
CN X
29
Q

Where does the carotid sheath extend from?

A

Carotid canal

–> aortic arch

30
Q

What are the unique features of C1?

A

No body
Anterior and posterior arches
Spinous process forms tubercle
Facets articulate with occipital condyles or dens

31
Q

What is the function of the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

Flexion and extension (nodding)

32
Q

What is the function of the atlanto-acial joint?

A

Allows rotation of the head

Anatomy (14 decks)

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