Structure Of The Spinal Cord

Question 1

The spinal cord is a vital link between …… and …….

Answer 1

Brain and body

Question 2

Does the spine depend on the brain to fully function?

Answer 2

No, it can work independently of the brain (walking and reflexes)

Question 3

what is the length of the spinal cord?

Answer 3

40-50 cm

Question 4

where are the two major spinal cord inlargement located?

Answer 4

cervical and lumbar

Question 5

what causes the spinal cord enlargement in the cervical and lumbar region?

Answer 5

excessive amounts of grey matter

Question 6

where in the spinal cord is the grey matter?

Answer 6

on the inside, whereas white matter is on the outside

Question 7

where does the spinal cord end?

Answer 7

around L1-L2 segment

Question 8

name the spinal cord nerves

Answer 8

-cervical (8 nerves)
-thoracic (12)
-lumbar (5)
-sacral (5)
-coccygeal (1)

Question 9

what nerve is for middle finger sensation?

Answer 9

C7

Question 10

sensation of what spinal nerve is at the level of the nipple line?

Answer 10

T4

Question 11

senstaion of T6 spinal nerve root is at the level of …..

Answer 11

the bottom of the sternum

Question 12

what nerve sensation is at the level of the abdomen?

Answer 12

T10

Question 13

the level of pubic bone is aproxmatley the sensation of ….. nerve root

Answer 13

T12

Question 14

where is the senstion of the of lumbar nerves?

Answer 14

over the legs

Question 15

what nerve sensation is the perineal (genital) area?

Answer 15

S3,S4, and S5

Question 16

a group of neurons in the CNS is called

Answer 16

nucleus

Question 17

a group of neurons in the PNS is called

Answer 17

ganglia

Question 18

what are the membranes covering the spinal cord called?

Answer 18

meninges

Question 19

name the membranes covering the spinal cord

Answer 19

-dura matter
-pia matter
-arachnoid matter

Question 20

the hard and protective outer most membrane covering the spinal cord is called

Answer 20

dura matter

Question 21

the inner most membrane of the spinal cord the contacts the CNS is called

Answer 21

pia matter

Question 22

the middle membrane of the spinal cord that is a mesh work is celled

Answer 22

arachnoid matter

Question 23

what is the function of the arachnoid matter?

Answer 23

it absorbs shock

Question 24

what kills bacteria

Answer 24

brain cells called microglia

Question 25

what are the characteristics of the white matter of the spinal cord?

Answer 25

-contains axons -forms nerve tract -it could be either sensory or motor -containts glial cell bodies -it is divided into 3 columns (ventral, dorsal, lateral)

Question 26

what are the characteristics of the gray matter of the spinal cord?

Answer 26

-it contains condensed cell bodies -mostly neurons but also glia (oligodendrocytes, microglia, and astrocytes) -divided into three horns (ventral, dorsal, lateral)

Question 27

what is the ventral horn of the grey matter of the spinal cord for?

Answer 27

motor function

Question 28

what the dorsal horn of the grey matter of the spinal cord for?

Answer 28

sensory function

Question 29

where does the dorsal root of the spinal nerves exit the spinal cord from?

Answer 29

from the dorsal horn

Question 30

what does the dorsal root contain?

Answer 30

-dorsal root ganglia -sensory information

Question 31

where does the ventral root of the spinal nerves receive input form?

Answer 31

ventral and lateral horns

Question 32

what do the ventral roots receive?

Answer 32

-motor information -does not contain ganglia

Question 33

what do the dorsal and ventral roots form when the converge?

Answer 33

spinal nerves

Question 34

a group of sensory nerve cell bodies in the PNS are known as

Answer 34

dorsal root ganglia

Question 35

what does each neuron of the DRG give?

Answer 35

-it gives one axon that splits into two branches (peripheral and central branches)

Question 36

what is the function of the DRG?

Answer 36

transmission of peripheral sensory information to the CNS (afferent)

Question 37

what is the band of nerve tissue connecting the hemispheres of the brain, and the two sides of the spinal cord called?

Answer 37

a commissure

Question 38

name the commissures of the spinal cord

Answer 38

-pisterior gray commissure -anterior gray commissure

Question 39

what organization does the sensory area of the brain follow?/ sensory representation in the brain is ....

Answer 39

somatotopic orginization/ somatotopic

Question 40

what are dorsal root ganglia important in?

Answer 40

sensory relay

Question 41

descending neurons are for what type of control?

Answer 41

motor control

Question 42

ascending neurons are for what type of control?

Answer 42

sensory control

Question 43

what part of the spinal cord is mostly for sensory input?

Answer 43

-dorsal white matter

Question 44

what part of the spinal cord is mostly for motor input?

Answer 44

-anterio-lateral aspect of the white matter

Question 45

where are the upper parts of the body represented in the dorsal white matter of the spinal cord?

Answer 45

lateral areas of the dorsal white matter

Question 46

where are the lower parts of the body represented in the dorsal white matter of the spinal cord?

Answer 46

median areas of the dorsal white matter

Question 47

where are the upper parts of the body represented in the anterio-lateral white matter of the spinal cord?

Answer 47

internal regions of the anterio-lateral white matter

Question 48

where are the lower parts of the body represented in the anterio-lateral white matter of the spinal cord?

Answer 48

external areas of the anterio-lateral whte matter

Question 49

what area of the white matter of the spinal cord has sensory and motor axons found together?

Answer 49

lateral aspect of the white matter

Question 50

what rule does the motor map in the brain follow?

Answer 50

median-lateral rule