structures of the brain

Question 1

The brain is split into four subsections. What are they

Answer 1

1. Cerebrum
2. Diencephalon
3. Brain stem
4. Cerebellum

Question 2

Cerebrum

Answer 2

contains the: frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital

Question 3

Function of the frontal lobe?

Answer 3

everything that makes you human: emotions, consciousness, memory, voluntary movement

Question 4

What does the motor cortex do? Where is it located?

Answer 4

• sends impulses to skeletal muscles, formation of voluntary mvmt
• located anterior to the central sulcus, frontal lobe

Question 5

What does the frontal association do? Where is it located?

Answer 5

• perception, decision-making, intentional thoughts, personality
• frontal lobe

Question 6

What does Broca’s area do? Where is it located?

Answer 6

• the ability to physically speak, put coherent sentences together
• frontal lobe

Question 7

What does the Gustatory area do? Where is it located?

Answer 7

• taste
• borders the frontal and temporal lobe

Question 8

Language comprehension

Answer 8

Understanding what is being said to you + what you read
- frontal lobe

Question 9

Function of the parietal lobe?

Answer 9

• sensations, dealing with your environment

Question 10

What does the sensory cortex do? Where is it located?

Answer 10

• receives and interprets info from sensory receptors
• posterior to the central sulcus, parietal lobe

Question 11

Function of the temporal lobe?

Answer 11

• language, hearing, memory

Question 12

What is the auditory area do? Where is it located?

Answer 12

• hearing
• temporal lobe

Question 13

What does the olfactory bulb do? Where is it located?

Answer 13

• sense of smell
• base of the temporal lobe

Question 14

What lobe is responsible for emotions and memories?

Answer 14

• temporal lobe

Question 15

Function of the occipital lobe?

Answer 15

• vision

Question 16

What lobe is responsible for vision?

Answer 16

• occipital lobe
• the ability to see and recognize what you look at

Question 17

Gyri

Answer 17

elevated ridges of tissue (hills)

Question 18

Sulci

Answer 18

shallow grooves (valleys)

Question 19

Fissures

Answer 19

DEEP grooves that separate parts of the brain

Question 20

Longitudinal fissure

Answer 20

divides the cerebral hemispheres sagitally

Question 21

Corpus callosum

Answer 21

• white fiber tract
• highway for impulses, connects the left and right side of the brain

Question 22

Precentral gyrus

Answer 22

before the central sulcus, in the frontal lobe

Question 23

Postcentral gyrus

Answer 23

after the central sulcus, in the parietal lobe

Question 23

Central sulcus

Answer 23

acts as the dividing line between the frontal and parietal lobe

Question 24

Corticospinal tract

Answer 24

collection of axons that carry movement related info from the cerebral cortex to the spinal cord

Question 25

Basal nuclei

Answer 25

- islands of gray matter w/i the white matter - regulates voluntary motor movement

Question 26

White matter

Answer 26

deeper layer of the cerebrum, clusters of axons: tracts

Question 27

Gray Matter

Answer 27

outermost surface of the cerebrum, clusters of cell bodies: nuclei

Question 28

Diencephalon

Answer 28

- contains the: epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus

Question 29

What structure is within the epithalamus? What does it do?

Answer 29

- Choroid plexus - knots of capillaries, form cerebrospinal fluid

Question 30

What does the thalamus do? Where is it located?

Answer 30

- relay station for sensory impulses going to the sensory cortex - diencephalon

Question 31

What does the hypothalamus do? Where is it located?

Answer 31

- 4F: fighting, fleeing, feeding, fornicating --> basic biological needs - diencephalon

Question 32

Limbic System

Answer 32

an emotional control center consisting of the amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus

Question 33

Brainstem

Answer 33

consists of the midbrain, pons, and medulla

Question 34

What does the cerebral aqueduct do? Where is it located?

Answer 34

- canal that connects the third and fourth ventricles - midbrain

Question 35

What do the cerebral peduncles do? Where are they found?

Answer 35

- convey ascending and descending impulses - midbrain

Question 36

What do the corpora quadrigemina do? Where are they found?

Answer 36

- reflex centers involved in vision and hearing - midbrain

Question 37

What does the pons do? Where is it located?

Answer 37

- breathing rhythm/control - brain stem

Question 38

What does the medulla oblongata do? Where is it found?

Answer 38

- regulates vital activities: heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, swallowing, vomiting - brainstem

Question 39

Cerebellum

Answer 39

- controls balance - maintains smooth, coordinate skeletal movements