Struture Function Relationship

Question 1

What are saturated hydrocarbons? Give an example.

Answer 1

• single bonds between carbon atoms
• sigma bonds
• example: alkanes, ethane

Question 2

What bonds are found in saturated hydrocarbons? What are their characterisitics?

Answer 2

• sigma bonds (σ) : first bond formed between single carbon-carbon atoms
• stronger than pi bonds due to axial overlap of orbitals
• allow for free rotation

Question 3

What are unsaturated hydrocarbons? Give one example.

Answer 3

• more than one bond between carbon atoms, double or triple bonds
• double bonds contain a sigma or pi bond
• pi bonds prevent rotation
• example: alkenes, ethene

Question 4

What bond is found in unsaturated hydrocarbons? What are their characterisitics?

Answer 4

• Alkenes (C=C): one pi (π) and one sigma (σ)
• Alkynes (C≡C): one sigma (σ) and two pi (π) bonds
• weaker than sigma bonds
• reactive
• restrict rotation

Question 5

What are unsaturated hydrocarbons? Give another example.

Answer 5

• more than one bond between carbon atoms, double or triple
• example: alkynes, ethyne

Question 6

What are the characterisitics of unsaturated hydrocarbon bonds?

Answer 6

• sigma and pi bond
• pi bonds prevent rotation