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STS M3.1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What year was the One Health concept created?

A

2004

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2
Q

What is the main goal of the One Health approach?

A

To achieve better public health outcomes through collaboration among multiple sectors.

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3
Q

Name the main organizations involved in the One Health approach.

A
  • World Health Organization (WHO)
  • Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
  • World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH)
  • United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
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4
Q

True or False: The One Health approach is only focused on animal health.

A

False

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5
Q

The UN SDG that one health approach focuses on

A

SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being

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6
Q

Define health according to the provided text.

A

A complete state of physical, mental, and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

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7
Q

A complete state of physical, mental, and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

A

Health

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8
Q

What does well-being describe?

A

A situation in which people are free to choose to do and be what they value.

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9
Q

A situation in which people are free to choose to do and be what they value.

A

Well-being

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10
Q

Coping effectively with life and creating satisfying relationships.

A

Emotional

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11
Q

Satisfaction with current and future financial situation.

A

Financial

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12
Q

Developing a sense of connection, belonging, and a well-developed support system.

A

Social

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13
Q

Expanding our sense of purpose and meaning in life

A

Spiritual

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14
Q

Personal satisfaction and enriched derived from one’s work

A

Occupational

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15
Q

Recognizing the need for physical activity, diet, sleep, and nutrition.

A

Physical

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16
Q

Caused by an agent/event other than a living organism and does not spread from one person to another.

A

Non - transmissible disease

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17
Q

infectious bacterial or viral disease that can be transmitted from one person to another. “communicable”

A

Transmissible disease

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18
Q

Recognizing creative abilities and finding ways to expand knowledge and skills.

A

Intellectual

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19
Q

Good health by occupying pleasant stimulating environment that support well-being

A

Environmental

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20
Q

What are the challenges or hazards that wellness may face

A
  • Health Hazards
  • Chemical Hazard
  • Natural Hazard
  • Cultural Hazard
  • Lifestyle Choices
  • Biological Hazards
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21
Q

Are wellness risk from harmful chemicals in air, water, soil, food, and human-made products

A

Chemical Hazard

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22
Q

Are wellness risk from fire, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, floods, and storms.

A

Natural Hazard

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23
Q

Are wellness risk from more than 1,400 pathogens that can infect humans (pathogen is a biological agent that can cause disease in another organism)

A

Biological Hazards

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24
Q

What are the components of wellness?

A
  • Emotional
  • Financial
  • Social
  • Spiritual
  • Occupational
  • Physical
  • Intellectual
  • Environmental
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25
What are health hazards?
Wellness risks expressed as probabilities of suffering harm.
26
Fill in the blank: The probability of suffering harm from an agent that can cause injury, disease, death, economic loss, or damage is known as a _______.
Health Hazard
27
What type of hazard includes smoking, making poor food choices, drinking too much alcohol, and having unsafe sex.
Lifestyle Choices
28
What type of hazard includes unsafe working conditions and criminal assault?
Cultural Hazard
29
Name a type of biological hazard.
* Bacteria * Viruses * Parasites * Protozoa * Fungi
30
diseases or infections that are naturally transmissible from animals to humans (WHO, 2020)
Zoonoses
31
when a pathogen such as a bacterium, virus, or parasite invades the body and multiplies in its cells and tissues (e.g. Tuberculosis, flu, malaria, measles).
Infectious disease
32
single-cell organisms that are found everywhere. Most are harmless or beneficial.
Bacteria
33
are smaller and work by invading a cell and taking over its genetic machinery to copy themselves. They then multiply and spread throughout one’s body, causing a viral disease such as flu or AIDS.
Viruses
34
What percentage of existing human infectious diseases are zoonotic?
~60%
35
True or False: All emerging infectious diseases have an animal origin.
False
36
What is the definition of a transmissible disease?
An infectious bacterial or viral disease that can be transmitted from one person to another.
37
What is a non-transmissible disease?
Caused by an agent/event other than a living organism and does not spread from one person to another.
38
What is an epidemic?
A large-scale outbreak of an infectious disease in an area.
39
What is a pandemic?
A global epidemic.
40
What is the best vaccine according to the context of science and epidemiology?
* Immediately available * Prevents severe condition/symptoms * Prevents hospitalization * Prevents death
41
What significant global health crisis is mentioned?
COVID-19 pandemic
42
What is cholera caused by?
Vibrio cholerae
43
What is a key treatment for severe cases of cholera?
Rapid treatment with intravenous fluids and antibiotics.
44
What is the main risk factor for pertussis?
Spreads easily from person to person through droplets from coughing or sneezing.
45
Fill in the blank: _____ is an acute diarrheal disease that can kill within hours if left untreated.
Cholera
46
What is the role of Dr. Raul Destura mentioned in the text?
Development of local and quality rRT PCR Detection Kit.
47
Adopting a One Health approach is critical to prevent not only outbreaks in zoonotic diseases but also to other urgent environmental issues, Including _____ and _____
food safety, antimicrobial resistance.
48
Not living organism
Virus
49
Are living organism
Bacteria
50
Living organisms consist of a single cell that can generate energy, make their own food, move, and reproduce (typically by binary fission).
Bacteria
51
Can live in many places.
Bacteria
52
Giant
Bacteria
53
infection is usually localized to a part of the body.
Bacteria
54
Infections may be caused by toxins (endotoxins) they produce.
Bacteria
55
Bacterial diseases include
*pneumonia *tuberculosis *tetanus *food poisoning
56
Only grow and reproduce inside host cells. Dormant outside living cells.
Virus
57
Require hijacking of host cell's biochemical activities for "life."
Virus
58
Submicroscopic.
Virus
59
Systemic diseases include
* influenza *measles *polio *AIDS *COVID-19
60
infection is systemic, spreading throughout the body after infecting initial host cells.
Virus
61
The disease is most dangerous in infants and is a significant cause of disease and death in this Age group.
pertussis
62
prevented by a vaccine that is safe and affordable. A single dose provides life-long protection
Yellow fever
63
Main source of yellow fever
Aedes And Haemagogus mosquitoes
64
Researchers have estimated that each year, there are ___ to ____ cases of cholera and 21,000 to 143,000 deaths worldwide due to cholera.
1.3, 4.0 million
65
Severe Cases need rapid treatment with intravenous fluids and antibiotics.
treatment for cholera
66
Source of cholera
Vibrio cholerae
67
Bacteria that causes pertussis
Bordetella pertussis
68
Local and quality rRT PCR Detection Kit development led by a Thomasianalumnus named
Dr. Raul Destura
69
Year of US Postal Service Anthrax outbreak
2001
70
In 1993 what outbreak occurred in Jack in the Box
E coli (Escherichia coli)
71
Outbreak in the year 2016
Zika virus
72
First reported case of HIV/AIDS
1981
73
What outbreak occurred in Zaire Investigation in 1976
Ebola
74
Smallpox outbreak on year
1966
75
Year of HIV/Hepatitis outbreak due to opioid
2015
76
Ebola outbreak again in
2014
77
Legionnaires' disease outbreak in
1976
78
1955 outbreak in eradication initiation
Polio
79
SARS outbreak in
2003
80
In 1978, there was an ___ use and ___ ___ outbreak
Aspirin, Reye Syndrome

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