Studies And Points: Ethnic Flashcards
(36 cards)
Strand.
Studied over 500,000 students.
Black students, particularly Carribean students, made substantially on average less progress than white counterparts.
Students from Bangledeshi and Pakistani backgrounds are less successful although recently they’ve been catching up.
African-Carribean students are disproportiately excluded.
However African-Carribean students also were reported to have high educational aspirations often exceeding white counterparts.
Gilbourn and Mirza.
What did they find?
In the year 2000,
In one local authority education Black students on average were 20 percentage points ahead of any other ethnic group, but by the time they have their GCSE results they have the average lowest of any ethnic group.
Wood et al
Applied for job vacancies with nakes from different ethnic backgrounds and the response rate for White names was 1/9; only 1/16 of other ethnicity names were offered a place.
__% of Chinese girls receiving free school meals achieve 5 or more Higher grade GCSE.
For White girls this is __%
86%
65%
Fuller
Black girls studied.
They were seen as disruptive but they studied hard and kept to their own circle.
They were ambitious without seeking the approval of teachers, they succeeded in education by channelling their frustration.
Sewells theory of why Ethnic minority are missing out in education is what kind of theory, and from what type of sociological school?
It’s because of an absence of fathers and ‘tough love’. This (for boys in particular) instils discipline.
This is the fault of single parent families.
. This is a cultural deprivation theory
. This is from the New right school
Ethnic minorities are _ times likely to be what?
3 times.
Homeless
Ethnic minorities are more likely, if not homeless, to live in worse…
Housing.
Wood found that ethnic minorities were more likely to be…
Denied a job compared to a while candidate who’s very similar.
In 1965, what % of Black families were lone-parents families.
And if you can remember,
Who found this?
50%!!!!!!!!!!!!
Moynihan
Ball came up with the theory of …
The ethnocentric curriculum
What is the theory of the ethnocentic curriculum.
Who is it by?
Suggested by Ball.
The theory goes that minorities suffer ‘symbolic violence’ because of a glorified or muddied teaching of English imperialism’s history.
It also shows a lesser interest in the background of other cultures which reinforces the notion of white supremacy on a subliminal way even if it wasn’t meant to be propaganda.
How many ways could their be institutional racism?
Think of as many as you can.
. In interviews, racist biases can surface.
. Opportunities and gifts may be given to white students because of their proximity to the idea of an ‘ideal students’ (eg: Archer).
. The ethnocentric curriculum.
. Teacher attention.
. No efforts to ease language barriers
. Turning a blind eye to racism (eg: the Guardian investigation from 2019 of U.K universities)
What was Strand’s findings and analysis?
He found that Black Carribean boys were for example one demographic making substantially less progress than white counterparts.
This was even the case for those identified as more able students not on free school meals.
Archer using their theory of pupil identity, had an explanation for why Chinese students were doing comparatively better.
What is the term given to their labelled pupil identity?
What is an observation on East-Asian culture that might enrich or challenge this theoy? According to New Right Theorist Sewell, concerned with primarily cultural deprivation.
The ‘pathologised pupil identity’, perceived as subordinated and feminine, with an oppressed identity.
Asian students unlike the ‘ideal pupil identity’ were seen as overachievers and not well adjusted.
This is because of their Confucius ideals of working hard early and respect for the Teacher in society.
Who noted their was a series of failed strategies to avoid racism in schools?
That some teachers were racist but not always the same way?
Mirza
What are Mirza’s 3 main types of teacher racism?
- Colour blind: Those that feel awkward about racism and so don’t challenge it.
- Liberal chauvanists: Those who think some of their students are just culturally deprived and so don’t encourage them to flourish because of low expectations.
- Overt Racists: Simply those who think some students are racially inferior and discriminate based on that belief.
Sewell also noted that students react to racism differently.
Do you remember the 4 types of student?
The rebels: Those usually Black boys that cultivate and reinforce within their peers an anti school subculture where they find a hyper masculine identity through equating Black masculinity with sexual experience, and white boys as more feminine.
The conformists: Those keen to succeed who mix with other ethnic groups in hopes they’ll not be singled out by racist biases.
The retreatists: Those who disconnect from ambitions into fatalism.
The innovators: eg: Fullers study.
Those female Black students that harnessed their frustration with the system into motivation to succeed.
To critical race theorists, inequality is ‘________ ____’
‘Locked in’
The thinker primarily associated with Critical race theory is ….
Gilborn
Moore and Davenport’s 1990 study looked into what?
What did they find?
Looked into marketisation’s exacerbation of segregation and replicating inequality.
They found that selection processes were not accommodating to give those with language difficulties the opportunities over others, that non English speaking parents were also disadvantaged in being able to make informed choices.
Similar to Gerwitz’s theory of marketisation and segregation.
Eg: ‘disconnected local choosers’
In 2003, baseline assessment were used to assess all students.
______ theorizes that failure of ethnic minorities has been engineered. How?
Gilborn noted that when baseline assessments were replaced with teacher’s assessing them, and that very quickly a drop in the grading of Black pupils nation wide was observable.
It was not unheard of before this for Black students to be some of the higher early achievers according to local authorities.
What is the ‘New IQism’?
Term from Gilborn.
It refers to how teachers put students in achievement brackets based on what they perceive their intelligence to be.
The new IQism is the falsehood of what is and isn’t representative of students abilities, which is often racialised when assessed or use outdated IQ test metrics which exposes to Gilborn a laziness of complacency to not adequately measure potential and by extention, help all students.
Strand: appreciating that Black students are one of the demographics more likely to not succeed in the education system, noted what?
That through interviewing Black students, they appeared typically amongst some of the most motivated of students.
