Studies HR Flashcards
Knapp and Vangelisti
10 relationships stages, 5 of growth, 5 of decline communication key in all of these ex. 1: Initiation and 8: circumscribing 1) Initiation 2) Experimenting 3) Intensifying 4) Integrating 5) Bonding 6) Differentiating 7) Circumscribing 8) Stagnating 9) Avoiding 10) Terminating
- all relationships applicable
- stimualte further research
x reducctionist (labels, relationships are peculiar)
x observation, not empirical research (subjective and time-consuming)
Cannary and Stafford
Maintenance of relationships strategies
1) positivity
2) openness
3) social networking
4) task sharing
communication is key - direct or indirect (social netwrorking)
x categories very broad
x cross-cultural fctors not considered - task sharing
Weigle and Ballard-Reich
Martial tyoes
1) Traditionalist
2) Independent
3) Separate
analysed 141 hetersoexual cuples questionnaires
x reductionist
x not generalisable
x questionnaire is subjective
x bi-directional ambiguity (maitenance strategies, but relationships are maintained although nto implemented)
Saunders
Battered woman syndrome
questionnaire
found that they use violence in order to protect themselves and avoid violence on the
x questionnaire
x not generalisable - it’s a psychological condition that requests extreme violence to ocurr and exposure to violence is always a different levels and always have different effects
- shows how violence creates more violence
Rhodes
questionnair
1122 men of African Americans in a non-urgent health centre
comapred to not IPV (intimate partner violence)
found higher sucide thought and depression
x questionnaire
x not generalisable
x could be that a person already was in a mental distressed state
Moghaddam
individualistic: personal romantic love, end if not happy, alliance between two people
collectivistic: spouse chosen by family, permaent, alliance of two groups
Levine
asked college students of 11 different countries if would have married without love - UK 4% yes, India 50%
x college students
Bellur
found that family has a big say, it is based on social networking and love is discovered after marriage
Huessman
correlation between what videogames you play at 8, how aggressive you are at 18 and likliness of committing a crime
x not much research (decrease eliability, ethical issues to do so tho)
x paradox: violence originates from violence? could be that originates by a physiological arousal and the itnerpretation fo it
- helpful in application
Tedeschi and Felson
1) violence used to achieve social or material outcome
2) interesting when looking at it int erms of SIT - sign of group memebership and compensate loss of self esteem
3) think it is appropriate because of culture, social norms, socilisation
Fite
parents more conflict the kids will consider aggression okey
Cohen (violence)
culture of honour: insults must be met with violence
in the south of the USA int he past people had to protect their houses and families by themselves because of poor restricting laws, showing the loose gun controls laws now
Levine (altuism vs prosocial behaviour)
corss cultural study, 23 countries
to compare the extent of helping individualtistic and collectivistic societies and simpatico\simpatica societies
1) pend dropped
2) magazine of a leg injured person dropped
3) a blind crossing the street
Rio, San Jose most helpful
NY, Kuala Lampur and Singapore less helpful
x no relation
x country doesn’t mean people
Batson
Carol Call
1) listen to recording of Carol - 2 conditions: high empathy, low empathy (as people)
2) asked to share notes - 2 conditions: high cost (she is going to come back), low cost (she is not going to come back)
high empathy always helped, low empathy just in low cost did because of self-interest
Robertson
1) the culure of the person considers violence acceptable
2) violence was effective in gaining their goals
3) they didn’t join volutairly
Sheppard
40% of them after 5 years were convicted again or had police attention
Dutton
recidivism rates increased
