Study Guide Flashcards
What is culture?
Is the share beliefs, traditions, and values of a group of people that are used to define their social identity.
What is Race?
s a classification that distinguishes groups of people from one another based on physical characteristics such as skin color. It is a statement about a person’s biological attributes.
What is Ethnicity?
is the social definition of groups of people based on shared ancestry and culture. Ethnicity includes race and also factors such as customs, nationality, language, and heritage.
What is Ethnocentrism?
is the view that members of one’s own culture do things that right way. All other ways of doing something are unnatural, inferior, maybe even barbaric.
What is Cultural Relativism?
hold the attitude that other ways of doing things are different yet equally valid; the goal is to understand other people’s behavior in its cultural context.
What does IDEA (2004) stand for?
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004
What does IDEA 2004 specifically state I regards to the assessment of ELL students?
Mandates that assessment should be administered in that child’s native language, or mode of communication unless it is clearly not feasible
Testing procedures and materials must not be discriminatory
Assessment instruments must measure a student’s ability in the area tested, not English proficiency
It is critical to know what is normal in L1 for each student—difference vs. disorder
You have been asked to give a workshop to teachers in a school district where students have primarily been White monolingual English speakers. Suddenly, this district is having a great influx of ELL students. What will you tell the teachers, in this workshop, about how they can increase their cultural competence? (Please know Table 1.1 for the exam)
- Team up with persons from the local cultural community who can act as mediators
- Read as much as possible about the family’s culture and language.
- Visit students’ homes
- Evaluate your own assumptions and values.
- Consider the student’s needs in the larger context of the family and community.
- Consider the value system of the family when setting goals.
- Be aware that both verbal; and nonverbal communication can affect a family’s attitudes toward the school and the professionals working with the student.
- Talk with individuals from a variety of cultural backgrounds.
- Ask students to share important aspects of their culture with you and other students.
- Learn some basic communication skills (i.e. vocabulary, simple phrases) in the students language
- Be aware that students from different cultural backgrounds may begin school with different cultural assumptions about human relations and about the world.
- Learn to pronounce and use students’ actual names rather than just “Americanized” versions of these names.
What are some cultural variables that influence the behavior of immigrants/refugees?
- Educational level
- Country of birth
- Length of residence
- Language(s) spoken
- Urban vs. rural background
- Gender
- Age
- Socioeconomic status
- Religious beliefs and their impact
- Peers, neighborhood
- Generational membership
Describe Locke’s 4 levels of acculturation that we should be aware of as we work with refugee/immigrant families…
- Traditional: Individuals do not adapt to the new culture and continue to adhere solely to the practices and values to their culture of origin
- Marginal: Individuals adapt minimally to the new culture
- Acculturated: Individuals adapt to the new culture but lost come parameters of their culture of origin
- Bicultural: Individuals retain strong ties with their culture of origin while successfully adapting to the new culture
In 2011,What were the top 5 countries (in order) that immigrants arrived from were…
1) Mexico
2) China
3) India
4) Philippines
5) Dominican Republic.
What are some potential family problems immigrants/refugees may have here in the U.S.?
- Family Tensions
- Poverty
- Adjustments to US schools
- Loneliness/missing friends back home
- Discrimination
- American’s busy and fast-paced lifestyle
What difficulties might have some immigrants and refugees experienced?
- Families may be from refugee camps where “basics” weren’t available
From the book:
- Many refugee children have spent years in camps and have had little to no school experience
- Many refugee/immigrants have been separated from their families due, in part, to situations in which some family members come to the US while others remain in their homelands
How might we be supportive of immigrant and refugee families?
Double check these: couldn’t find them in the ppt
From the book..
- help families understand the profession of speech-language pathology and audiology and the services offered by SLPS.
- ensure that parents understand US laws regarding what exactly constitutes child abuse. Parents also need to understand that children may be removed from their custody for behaviors that are considered to be child abuse.
Describe basic beliefs and characteristics of Islam
- Their god is Allah
- Mohammed is the prophet and founder of Islam
- Koran—sacred book
- Father-authority figure
- May be arranged marriage
Describe basic beliefs and characteristics of Buddhism
- Buddha-Indian prince
- Reincarnation—repeated cycle of being born into the world till Nirvana is achieved
- Karma—you get what you give out (even from a previous life)
Describe basic beliefs and characteristics of Confucianism
- Has approximately 6 million followers worldwide, primarily in China and throughout various Asian countries
- Has been influential in Japanese, Chinese, and Vietnamese cultures
- “God” and “Heaven” are synonymous and imply a supreme spiritual state or being.
- Goal: Full realization of the present life of human potential for virtue and wisdom.
- Hierarchy is natural
- Education is extremely important; school is considered to be of utmost importance, and formal education is highly valued.
After Christianity, what is the 2nd largest religion in the world?
Islam
What should the Islamic women’s clothes do?
Cover the whole head and body except the face and hands
Not “attract a man’s attention to a woman’s beauty”
Be thick enough to conceal the color of the skin
Loose enough to conceal the woman’s body
Not resemble men’s clothing
When we recommend intervention/therapy for children with communication disorders, what might we need to remember about the influence of their families’ religious beliefs in terms of accepting our recommendations?
NOT SURE ABOUT THIS ONE
Be careful with eye contact, physical contact with male clients or fathers of children
Dress conservatively
Family may believe that intervention is inappropriate (will of Allah)
May not want home-based services because home is a private place
- A family’s belief that disability is from God may conflict with the goals of Sp. Ed.
- Some families may see a disabled child as a gift from God.
- Many Buddhist or Muslim families prefer that professionals not work with family members of the opposite sex
According to lecture, who is the “oldest” in terms of a median age of 42 years old?
White people
According to lecture, who is the “youngest” in terms of a median age of 28 years old?
Hispanics
Who is the best off money-wise? & who is the worst?
- Asians are the best off (12% were poor)
- African Americans are the worst off (39% were poor)
What are some characteristics of “mainstream” Anglo European Americans in terms of family life?
Nuclear households—separate ages
Children and elderly cared for by outsiders—OK
Mother responsible for everything (not extended family, neighborhood)
