Study Guide 7th grade science

Question 1

What happens during photosynthesis?

Answer 1

What happens during photosynthesis?

Question 2

List the reactants for photosynthesis.

Answer 2

Sunlight + Water + Carbon dioxide (Sunlight + H20 + CO2 )

Question 3

List the products for photosynthesis.

Answer 3

Sugar + Oxygen (C6H12O6 + 6 O2)

Question 4

In what organelle does photosynthesis occur? In plant or animal cells or both?

Answer 4

The organelle photosynthesis occurs in is Chloroplasts. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll that absorbs sunlight and converts it to glucose. Plant cells do photosynthesis.

Question 5

What color does chlorophyll reflect?

Answer 5

Green. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll that absorbs sunlight and converts it to glucose.

Question 6

What happens during cellular respiration?

Answer 6

Cells breakdown glucose and oxygen to make ATP (energy), water, and carbon dioxide

Question 7

List the reactants for cellular respiration.

Answer 7

(Sugar/Glucose + Oxygen) C6 H12 O6 + 6 O2

Question 8

List the products for cellular respiration.

Answer 8

ATP (Energy) and Carbon Dioxide and Water (ATP + 6 H2O + 6 CO2)

Question 9

In what organelle does cellular respiration occur? In plant or animal cells or both?

Answer 9

In Mitochondria. Mitochondria break down glucose to make energy (ATP). This occurs in BOTH plant and animal cells.

Question 10

Define Law of Conservation of Energy.

Answer 10

The law of conservation of energy says that energy can never be created or destroyed, just converted from one form into another.
This law applies to all forms of energy.

Question 11

What happens to the total amount of energy in a system? What happens to energy in wood when it is burning?

Answer 11

The total amount of energy stays the same because the energy is just being converted from one form to another. When wood burns the chemical (potential) energy stored in the wood is converted to thermal (heat) and light energy.

Question 12

What are Biotic factors? Give examples.

Answer 12

Living organisms in ecosystems are called biotic factors. Examples trees, animals and insects.

Question 13

What are Abiotic factors? Give examples.

Answer 13

The abiotic factors in an ecosystem are the physical and chemical factors that living organisms require for survival, such as air and water. Examples: Rocks, water, soil.

Question 14

What is an ecosystem?

Answer 14

A community and its interactions with the abiotic (never-living) environment.

Question 15

What is a population?

Answer 15

All of the individuals of a single species in a particular area make a population.

Question 16

What is a community?

Answer 16

Individuals from all of the populations form the community

Question 17

What is a Producer?

Give an example.

Answer 17

Living organisms which make their own food through photosynthesis .
Examples: plants, trees, flowers

Question 18

What is a Consumer?

Give an example

Answer 18

Living organisms which obtain food by eating other organisms.
Examples: Animals, insects, humans

Question 19

What is a Decomposer?

Give an example

Answer 19

A decomposer is an organism that decomposes, or breaks down, organic material such as the remains of dead organisms.
Examples: bacteria and fungi

Question 20

What is an Indicator Species?

Give an example

Answer 20

Indicator species serve as early warnings that a community or an ecosystem is being damaged.
Example: frogs and fish

Question 21

What is a Keystone Species?

Give an example

Answer 21

Important species whose role in the ecosystem acts to prevent the collapse of the ecosystem.
Example: Sea otters keep sea urchin populations under control.

Question 22

What is Mutualism?

Give an example

Answer 22

In a mutualism, both species benefit from the relationship.

Example: Clownfish and sea anemone

Question 23

What is Parasitism?

Give an example

Answer 23

Parasitism occurs when one species benefits and the other is harmed.
Example: Tape worm in animal’s digestive system.

Question 24

What is Commensalism?

Give an example

Answer 24

Commensalism is a relationship in which one species benefits but neither harms nor helps the other species.
Example: Barnacles living on a whale.

Question 25

What is Symbiosis?

Give an example

Answer 25

A relationship in which species live together and one, or both, species are dependent on the other.
Examples: Clownfish and sea anemone, barnacles on a whale

Question 26

Where does all of the energy in the ecosystem come from?

Answer 26

All of the energy in an ecosystem comes from the sun. The sun supports photosynthesis and drives climate and weather systems

Question 27

What is the difference between a food web and a food chain?

Answer 27

A food web is a complex network of interconnected food chains. A food chain is made up of producers -> consumers -> decomposers.

Question 28

Each level of food chain contains a certain amount of?

Answer 28

Each feeding level in a food chain or web contains a certain amount of energy

Question 29

What is the definition of Primary Succession?

Answer 29

Primary succession occurs when there is no soil in a terrestrial ecosystem, such as after a volcanic eruption.
Soil begins to form when pioneer species, such as lichen, attach themselves to rocks and begin to break them down to form soil .

Question 30

What is an example of Primary Succession?

Answer 30

Lichen attach themselves to rocks and break them down to form soil.

Question 31

What is the definition of Secondary Succession?

Answer 31

Secondary succession occurs in an area where the natural community has been disturbed, removed, or destroyed but the soil remains.

Question 32

What is an example of Secondary Succession?

Answer 32

Old field or on an abandoned farm

Question 33

Define sustainability.

Answer 33

The ability to maintain an ecological balance.

Question 34

Define disturbances.

Answer 34

A change in environmental conditions that disrupts an ecosystem or community. The disturbance can be
catastrophic or gradual and may be caused by natural or human-related changes

Question 35

How can human actions disrupt the biotic and abiotic factors of an ecosystem?

Answer 35

Oil spills, pollution, cutting down trees and building cities can disrupt the biotic and abiotic factors of an ecosystem.