Study Session 1 Flashcards
Define Best practice
practice based on sound judgment that reflects and puts into practice current and innovative ideas
What is all included in a child’s environment?
- immediate physical environment
- social and cultural context
- beliefs and values of the childs caregivers
What text came out in 2002 that offered the OT professional a basis which to describe and practice oT and a common language and focus which reflect the professions foundations in Occupation?
Framework: Domain and process
Development and History of the OTA
Emerged in the 1950s
Plan implementation in 1958
What legislative acts increased OTs presence in pediatric practice?
Education for all handicapped children act- 1975
Handicapped infants and toddlers-1986
What are the 4 levels of supervision?
- direct supervision-OT in immediate area at all times
- close supervision-direct, daily contact between the OTA and OT
- Routine supervision-face to face contact at least every two weeks
- General supervision-Initial direction face to face contact at least one additional contact per month via phone
What aspects of service delivery can an OTA contribute to?
evaluation, intervention planning, and implementation
What is grading in the context of occupational therapy for children?
Grading involves systematically increasing or decreasing the demands of an activity to promote successful performance. As the child’s activities increase in complexity, this should spark motivation and increase active participation in the intervention.
Shared Decision Making
occupational therapy practitioners ensure that both the child and the family are fully informed about intervention options and provided with evidence-based information about likely benefits and harms.
Partners For Collaboration
Collaboration not only occurs with the child and the family; it also occurs among others that influence the occupations of the child. In an educational setting, collaboration may occur between teachers, paraprofessionals, other professionals, and families.
Multidisciplinary Model,
team member roles are clearly defined, and professionals work independently completing separate evaluations, developing discipline specific goals, and implementing individual intervention plans. Communication is less frequent
Interdisciplinary Model
professional team members interact with one another and the family to assess the child. Professionals usually provide interventions during individual sessions but may perform co-visits or group interventions. Professional roles are relaxed. Goals may be developed by the team (example: IEP) or by each professional with input from the family.
Interprofessional Model
is similar to the interdisciplinary model but has a greater depth of collaboration than interdisciplinary. Team members utilizing an interprofessional model are active learners that learn with, from, and about each other, support each other, and utilize purposeful interaction to improve collaboration and quality of care.
Transdisciplinary Model
team members work together to identify needs, complete evaluations, develop goals, and implement interventions. All team members share responsibility for child and family outcomes. Service delivery may occur jointly, or one professional may be considered the primary service provider, allowing for discipline role release.
How can we cultivate lasting and trusting relationships with clients/families?
Practice active listening, use empathy, ensure effective and timely communication (structured & unstructured), discuss shared expectations, show commitment to best practice & collaboration.
What is a crucial part of successful client-centered intervention when working with children?
-Respecting a child’s unique and diverse qualities: should be no cookie-cutter prescriptive approach to working with children and their families
-Equally as important, is to integrate and infuse
foundational knowledge with practical application while maintaining ongoing sense of flexibility and creativity when working with each child
What does the discontinuity model believe relating to growth?
That they occur in stages or orderly and sequential patterns of change that usually follow a set timeline. Growth is a “series of steps” necessary to reach adulthood
What do continuity theorists believe?
They believe that development occurs in a gradual ongoing fashion
What are the stages of development?
Prenatal- conception to birth
Infancy- birth to 18 months, acquire skills to walk, use their hands, begin to communicate, and relate to others in their environment
Early Childhood- 18 months to 5-6 years, develop peer relationships and begin to develop a sense of individuality from their primary caregivers
Middle Childhood- 6-12 years, refining motor skills , focusing on school-related tasks and continuing to establish peer relationships
Adolescence- 12-18 ‘years, undergo significant change (puberty) in preparation for adulthood
Family occupations:
routines that enable to family to function effectively and efficiently and rituals and activities that have special meaning
Rituals
symbolic activities that convey the family identity, a sense of belonging to the family
Family occupations model:
Desire for normalcy, Family lifestyle, Resource allocation, Building bonds
Child-centered practice:
the OT identifies and determines goals (with family input) and orchestrates the intervention based on the child’s preferences and participation
Family-centered practice:
incorporating the family as the expert on the child and family and as the most valuable team member
-Easiest to implement this practice during home-health sessions
-The goal is OTs to engage families as fully involved partners and collaborators
