Substance Use Disorder Flashcards
(46 cards)
drugs and alcohol stimulate what system & pathway?
dopamine system in the brain & mesolimbic pathway
what receptor is deficient in px with substnce use disorders?
DRD2
what brain structures are affected by substance use & its function?
mesolimbic = pearlure a receptio
mesocortical = judgement and decision making
hippocampus = learning & memory
prefrontal cortex = behavior control
what brain structures are affected by substance use & its function?
mesolimbic = pearlure a receptio
mesocortical = judgement and decision making
hippocampus = learning & memory
prefrontal cortex = behavior control
what are criteria of dubstance use disorder
impaired control
social impariment
recurent use
tolerance & wasti
what are the categories of criteria of SA?
mild = 2-3
moderate 4-5
severe 6+
timefram :1ye
what is the diff betw bing-drinking and heavy-used drinking?
Bing-dringing: 5 drinks in a short period of time
heavy
heavy-use drinking: 5 drinks in the same occassion >5x in a month
what is the alcohol content in beer, wine, and liquor?
12 oz glass of bear (355mL)
5ox glass of wine (148mL)
1.5ox of hard liquor 44mL
what are the neurochemical effects of alcohol to the brain?
pleasure = INC Serotonin & dopamine
Tension reduction = stimulation of GABA
cognitive slowing = Glutamate inhibition
what is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter of the brain?
Glutamate
if there is less GABA, what is its effect to GABA?
less Glutamate -> More of GABA
what are signs of alcohol intoxication?
slurred speech
incoordinatoin
nystagmus
impaired memory => in Ernicke-Korsakoff synd
Stupor
Coma
what are the Qs in CAGE questionnaire?
C: effotrs to CUT down?
A: Anger when being confronted with alcohol use
G: Guilt about alcohol consumption
E: Eye-opener
what is the scoring in CAGE questionnaire?
- yes to 2 or more = HIGH likelihood for alcohol use disorder
what are signs & symptoms of alcohol withdrawal?
tremors
psychotic symptoms
seizures
deleirium tremens
out of all the s/sx of alcohol withdrawal, which one is the longest & shortest?
derium - longest
tremors - shortest
what are conditions predisposing to increased severity of withdrawal?
sustained alcohol use
malnutrition/physical illness
comorbid psychiatric conditions
when does delirium commonly begin in alcohol withdrawal?
after 5-15 yrs of heay drinking
when is delirium considered a medical emergency?
if it comes with seizures
what are 3 alcohol-related disorders?
Wernicke’s Encephalopathy
Korsakoff syndrome
Wernicke’s Korsakoff syndrome
what alcohol related disorder is a combination of Wernicke’s encephalopathy & Korsakoff syndrome?
Wernicke’s Korsakoff syndrome
what alcohol-related disorder is an acute disorder characterized by ataxia, vestibular dysfunction, confusion and ocular motility abnormalities?
Wenicke’s encephalopathy
What is the tx for Wernicke’s encephalopathy?
replacement of vitamin B (if not it can progress to Korsakoff syndrome)
what alcohol-related diosrder manifests with impaired mental abilities & anterograde amnesia in an alert &responsive px?
Korsakoff syndrome
