Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Psych Exam 1 > SUD > Flashcards

SUD Flashcards

1
Q

social components of SUD

A

social stigma/controversy
environmental factors
peer influence
dysfunctional family dynamics
abusive hx
social maladaptation
family hx addiction
peer pressure
lack of family involvement
difficult family situations: lack of bond with parents or siblings; lack of bond with parents or siblings; lack of parental supervision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

psychological aspects of addiction

A

STRESS
• DEPRESSION
• LOW SELF-ESTEEM
• INCREASED NEED FOR SUCCESS/POWER
• INABILITY TO COPE
• ANXIETY
• LONELINESS.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

biological components of addiction

A

genetic predisposition
increased dopamine
immature brain development
function of acetate
having other mental health disorder
males

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

cocaine

A

stops molecules that mop up excess dopamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

amphetamines

A

push dopamine out of sacs where it is stored

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

heroin

A

makes dopamine neurons fire more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

alcohol

A

helps release more dopamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

excess of dopamine

A

feeling high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

immature brain development

A

early experiences affect brain development
early stress and trauma change brain responses
brain develops until age 24
adolescent brain develops back to front

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

back of brain

A

emotion, memory, impulse, psychomotor activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

front of brain

A

areas of executive function, planning, problem solving, judgement, impulse control, organization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

biological alcohol craving and acetate

A

etoh breaks down into acetate
acetate triggers craving
liver and pancreas of addicted person processes alcohol slower than normal
normal drinkers acetate moves quicker and exits
in addicted person after 1st drink body craves more, after second drink they want more and more and cant stop
control is lost and the craving cycle has began
acetate accumulates in alcoholics body after only 1 drink and this never changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The addicted brain

A

repeat use leads to tolerance and withdraw via changes in neurotransmitters
decreased dopamine receptors and decreased dopamine release resulting in compulsive behaviors, decreased inhibition, increased impulsivity, impaired regulation of intentional action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what do alcohol and nicotine metabolize down into?

A

acetate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

substance intoxication

A

symptoms are drug specific
recent overdose/ excessive use of a substance such as acute alcohol intoxication, that results in a reversible substance-specific syndrome
judgement is impaired
CNS changes occur; disruption in physiological and psychological functioning
can happen with one time of use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

substance withdraw

A

happens when substance is removed after heavy and prolonged use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

symptoms of substance withdraw

A

anxiety
irritability
restlessness
insomnia
fatigue
symptoms differ and are specific to substance type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Medications for alcohol withdraw

A

chlordiazepoxide (librium)
Diazepam (valium)
Lorazepam (ativan)
Thiamine daily replacement
other meds: PHENOBARBITAL, INDERAL, CLONIDINE (goal to keep BP and HR low, MAGNESIUM SULFATE, MVI,
ANTIPSYCHOTICS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Opioid Withdraw: COWS

A

increased resting pulse (observe client being quiet for 5 min before checking)
sweating
restlessness
pupil size (3mm normal)
bone and joint aches
runny nose or tearing
GI upset
tremors
yawning
anxiety or irritability
gooseflesh skin (hallmark sign of severe w/d)
max score 48

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

treating opioid withdraw non medication

A

nausea (provide crackers, ginger ale, tea, flat warm coke)
muscle aches: (hot shower, warm compress, tylenol)
Anxiety reduction: (distraction, relaxation and talk therapy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what do you give to reduce nausea and vomiting in opioid withdraw?

A

ondansetron, phenergan (oral or rectal, avoid IM gives pt a rush)

22
Q

what do you give to reduce anxiety, lacrimation, and rhinorrhea in opioid withdraw?

A

Atarax or Hydroxizine

23
Q

what meds do you avoid in opioid withdraw?

24
Q

what do you give for insomnia in opioid withdraw?

A

desyrel
trazorel (trazodone)
Myalgiastyloneol (use caution in patients with esophageal varices or ulcers)

25
what do you give for diarrhea in opioid withdraw?
Kaopectate is preferred choice AVOID lomotil (loperamide) causes sedative effect sought by patient
26
important facts about naltrexone
cannot use any opioids 10-14 days before starting if pt uses opioids they will get very sick and will cause fast withdraw blocks opioid receptors and blocks the feelings of ETOH and decreases cravings injection every 28 days Vivtrol, Revia
27
Disulfiram (Antabuse)
prevents breakdown of acetyladohyde can make pt very sick if they drink, decreases cravings Pts cannot be close to alcohol, paint thinner, perfume, or anything containing alcohol or they will become very sick vomiting profusely
28
clonidine
anti-HTN helps to calm pt by lowering BP and HR
29
campral
decreases ETOH cravings
30
methodone
opioid to help with opioid withdraw pts can be addicted to methadone
31
suboxone
Subutex and naloxone combo drug
32
subutex
reduced withdraw from opiods
33
emergency treatment of heroin overdose
nalaxone kits narcan can be delivered by injection or nasal mist quickly reverses the effects of heroin withdraw can get free kits at UK ER or health departments INSTANT withdraw
34
long term methadone maintenance for pregnant women
decreases variability of illicit drug effect on fetus newborns have predictable outcomes doses may need to be adjusted upward as pregnancy progresses decreases cravings and withdraw blocks effects of other opioids maintained until delivery, then withdraw infant can experience symptoms of withdraw that may be 2/3x as intense as mom
35
tolerance
must use increased amounts of drug over time to achieve the same effect
36
causes of wernicke's encephalopathy
vitamin b1: Thiamine deficiency that directly intereferes with glucose production caused by chronic alcoholism
37
other causes of thiamine deficiency
gastric carcinoma starvation chronic gastritis hemodialysis in end stage renal disease
38
classic symptoms of Wernicke's encephalopathy
mental confusion ataxia mental status changes ophthalmoplegia (paralysis or weakness of the eye)
39
treatment of wernicke's encephalopathy
reversible with thiamin replacement improve nutritional status without treatment may advance to korsakoff psychosis
40
korsakoff psychosis
not reversible persistent learning and memory problems chromic and debilitating syndrome ataxia disorientation delirium/ psychosis confabulation neuropathy
41
wernicke-korsakoff syndrome
combination of both processes requires long term care/institutionalization BP and temp low pule rate elevated symptoms mirror intoxication even after BAC=0
42
prevention as a tx stragtegy
change in norms form/join community/school coalitions reduce access limit exposure enforce laws and policies family involvement access to behavioral health services
43
how many drinks are considered high risk?
women: 7 drinks per week Men: 14 drinks per week
44
BAC levels
.02 for under 21 .8 for 21 and over 0.50 and greater = death tolerance can result in a pt having a higher BAC and not showing many symptoms
45
typical effects of a BAC 0.8
decreased muscle coordination harder to detect danger judgement, self control, reasoning, and memory are impaired impaired perception short term memory loss
46
blackouts
not same as passing out, client functions as normal and cannot remember several hours
47
relapse
recurrence of alcohol or drug dependent behavior in an individual who previously achieved abstinence
48
dual diagnosis
co-occurring mental illness with substance abuse or addictive disorder
49
forms of denial
refusing outright- its not a problem minimizing- no big deal im fine rationalizing- everyone else is doing it intellectualizing- i can stop if i want to blaming/projecting- if you were stressed you would drink too bargaining- just one more time passivity- i cant do anything about it anyway hostility-demanding- ill drink if i want too
50
nursing interventions for SUD
honest expression of feelings listen to what the individual is really saying express caring monitor your reactions hold the individual responsible communicate the treatment plan to pt and team

Psych Exam 1 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions