sugars Flashcards
(24 cards)
what are the two reducing sugar
maltose and lactose
what elements are used in carbohydrates
CHO
for every one carbon atom, how many hydrogen and oxygen are there
1 carbon-
2 hydrogen
1 oxygen
what are the three main groups of carbohydrates
monosaccharide
disaccharide
polysaccharide
describe solubility of monosaccharides
soluble in water, insoluble in non-polar solvent
how many carbon atoms do hexose sugars have
6
how many carbons do pentose sugar
5
what is a monosaccharide
monomers of more complex carbohydrates
why are alpha glucose and beta glucose isomers
compounds with same molecular formulae but different structure
what is the difference between alpha glucose and beta glucose
ABBA
alpha- hydroxyl group is placed below on carbon 1
Beta- hydroxyl groups is placed above on carbon 1
what is the molecular formula for alpha and beta glucose
c6 h12 06
what is the molecule placed on carbon 5 of a glucose molecule
CH2OH
what is the main role of monosaccharide glucose in the body
energy source
what is ribose
a pentose sugar
component of rna
what is deoxyribose
pentose sugar
component of dna
what bond is in glucose to make a disaccharide
1,4 glycosidic bond
what is the non reducing sugar
sucrose
what monomers make sucrose
alpha glucose and fructose
what monomers make maltose
2 a glucose
what monomers make lactose
beta galactose alpha glucose
what monomers make cellobiose
two beta glucose
which ions is needed to hydrolyse starch by an enzyme
zinc
amylase breaks down starch and requires zinc as an inorganic cofactor
what forms more coiled molecules, b glucose or a glucose
a glucose coils
b glucose can create straight chains or alternately rotated monomers
what molecule can be created when multiple beta glucose monomers are joined together
water
