- endometrial cancer - ovarian cancer - rheumatoid arthritis

- hematuria after URI - #1 cause worldwide esp asia and south america - IgA on biopsy

**Summaries** Flashcards by Jessica Johnston

MEN 1

Pituitary Adenoma
Parathyroid Hyperplasia
Pancreatic Islet Cell Tumors (gastrinoma, insulinoma)
“I pee”

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MEN 2a

Medullary Thyroid Cancer (Calcitonin)
Parathyroid Hyperplasia (Calcium)
Pheochromocytoma

“II ac”

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MEN 2b

Medullary Thyroid Cancer
Marfanoid Habitus/Mucosal Neuromas (lips, tongue, eyelids)
Pheochromocytoma

“Abe Lincoln”

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Organisms that Cause Bloody Diarrhea

SEECSY

salmonella (pea soup)
e.coli 0157:H7 (HUS: ARF, thrombocytop, hemolytic anem)
entamoeba (protazoa)
campylobacter (s - GB)
shigella (HLAB27 & daycare)
yersinia enterocolitica (like appendicitis)

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Organisms that Cause Watery Diarrhea

VRECS Gi

vibrio cholera
rotavirus/norwalk virus
e. coli (enterotoxigenic#1 cause of traveler’s diarrhea)
cryptospordium (#1 cause of recreational diarrhea; India ink stain)
s. aureus/b. cereus (food poisoning)
giardia

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Chocolate Cyst

Endometriomas

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Dermoid Cyst

Calcification
#1 Cause of Torsion

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OCPs protect against

endometrial cancer
ovarian cancer
rheumatoid arthritis

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OCPs increase risk of

-breast cancer

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What increases risk of endometrial cancer?

leiomyomas
PCOS
tamoxifen (decrease risk of breast cancer but increase risk of endometrial cancer)

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Methotrexate for Abortion if

-mass

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HIV and babies

25% if no tx
8% if antiretroviral tx and vaginal delivery
2% if antiretroviral and c-section

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Good Pasture Syndrome

alveolar hemorhage resulting in HEMOPTYSIS

- pulm-renal syndrome

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Wegner Granulomatosis

concomittant sinus and lung involvement

- rapid loss of renal function

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Alport syndrome

hereditary

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IgA Nephropathy

hematuria after URI
# 1 cause worldwide esp asia and south america
IgA on biopsy

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When to Start Dialysis

AEIOU

-Acidosis (esp if

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Causes of Anion Gap Metab Acidosis

Calc = Na-(Cl+HCO3)
MUDPILES

Methanol
Uremia
DKA
Paraldehyde, Propylene Glycol
Infection, Iron, Isoniazid, Inborn Errors of Metab
Lactic Acidosis
Ethylene Glycol, Ethanol
Salicylates

FeNa >2

Intrinsic renal failure

85% = ATN (muddy brown casts)

Proteus

Gram - rod
lactose negative
contains urease (forms ammonia = alkaline urine)
if stones in Q = increased risk
May cause struvite stones = staghorn

E.coli

Gram - rod
Lactose +
Oxidase -

Enterococcous

Gram + coccous

Klebsiella

lactose +
Oxidase -
(poorly controlled DM)

Warfarin

P450

CYP2D6

Warfarin Inhibitors

(stops metabolism = increased PT = need to decrease dose) VICKS FACE All Over GQ (stops all the girls) ``` Valproate Isoniazid Cimetidine Ketoconazole Sulfonamides Fluconazole Alcohol (acute) Chloramphenicol Erythromycin (and other macrolides) Amiodarone Omeprazole Grapefruit Juice Quinidine ```

Warfarin Inducers

(increases metabolism = decreased PT = need to increase dose) BS CRAP GPS (induces my rage) ``` Barbituates St. Johns Wort Carbamazepine Rifampin Alcohol (chronic) Phenytoin Griseofulvin Phenobarbital Sulfonylureas ```

Beta Blocker Selectivity

B1 selective = aa bm -atenolol, metoprolol, acebutolol, bisprolol B1 & B2 -propranolol, sotolol, timolol, nadolol, pindolol a, B1 & B2 (labeled like superman) -labetolol, carveidolol

Electrolyte Relationships

Mg, K, Ca down = Phos up

Hyperkalemia

``` peaked t waves prolonged PR (AV block) prolonged QRS ```

Hypokalemia

flat or inverted T waves, u waves predispo to v-tach increased risk of digoxin toxicity

Hypercalcemia

short QT

Hypocalcemia

long QT

Hypermagnesemia

long PR | wide QRS

Hypomagnesemia

tall T

Amiodarone Cardiac ADR

sinus brady and AV block

Ibulitide Cardiac ADR

torsades and QT prolong

Anti-CCP, RA

Rheumatoid Arthritis

ANCA

``` polyartertiits nodosa Wegners Granulomatosis Churgg Strauss IBD Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis ```

Anticentromeres

Limited Scleroderma | **assoc w/ crest

RF, ANA, AntiRo, AntiLa

Sjogrens | autoimmune; lip biopsy

Anti-DNA topoisomerase I aka Anti-Scl-70

Diffuse Scleroderma

Antihistone Ab

Drug induced SLE | isoniazid, procainamide, hydralazine, methyldopa, quinidine, chlorpromazine

Metabolic Syndrome

3 or more of: 1) Waist >102M >88F 2) TG >150 3) HDL 130/85 5) BG >110