Supervision chapter 4

Question 1

performance effect

Answer 1

whether or not the lack of a decision will keep others form doing their jobs

Question 2

size

Answer 2

the task f making the decision

Question 3

personal political decision

Answer 3

benifits the supervisor or his or her career

Question 4

rewarding

Answer 4

someone or repaying a favor sometimes another supervisor will ask for your support now in exchange for his or her supporting you later

Question 5

politically punishing decision

Answer 5

can occur when someone has failed to support others or has embarrassed a supervisor or manager, or when some indiscreation is beyond the reach of existing disciplinary policies

Question 6

emergency deision

Answer 6

made in a crisis situation

Question 7

quick decision

Answer 7

there is time to make it but the supervisor makes it fast anyway

Question 8

delaying decisions

Answer 8

one that has been postponed fr longer tha the amount of time needed to make it

Question 9

barrier decision

Answer 9

decision making is delayed or avoided by adding new conditions that must be met before the decision can be made

Question 10

emotional decision

Answer 10

based on sentiment, “gut reaction” or some other subjective criterion

Question 11

buck passing decisions

Answer 11

passing on a decision a supervisor should rightfully make because it is an unpleasant, unpopular, or risky decisionor due to lack of supervisor confidence can be self defeating

Question 12

intuition

Answer 12

defined as knowledge and experience in a particular field or area

Question 13

recongnition primed decisionn making

Answer 13

the making of intuitive decisions through one of three methods

Question 14

heuristic

Answer 14

rule of thumb, a guide that works most of the time

Question 15

satisficing

Answer 15

a barrier to decision making, they short circuit the full process

Question 16

false consensus

Answer 16

people often assume everyone else is just like they are or they fail to see how others could not think or feel the way they do

Question 17

problem

Answer 17

an unresolved questionthat requires a solution that must be created rather than simply identified

Question 18

constraints

Answer 18

or limits are concerned with what can and cannot be done

Question 19

single part problem

Answer 19

one that cannot be divided into separte segments, each needing its own solution

Question 20

multi part problem

Answer 20

has smaller, separate problems imbedded within the main problem

Question 21

chronological order

Answer 21

means arranging it by date

Question 22

analogical order

Answer 22

means grouping information according to similarities

Question 23

causal order

Answer 23

to group by cause and effect

Question 24

algorithm

Answer 24

a procedure with a specific set of instructions designed to solve certain problems

Question 25

what’t handy approach

Answer 25

involves working with whatever you happen to have on hand to find some kind of solution

Question 26

brainstorming

Answer 26

uses a group of people who contribute ideas within the constraints, goals and givens

Question 27

brainwriting

Answer 27

haveing individuals write down possible solutions to a problem

Question 28

nominal group technique

Answer 28

extends brainwriting and braintorming.

a three to four step technique for group problem solving

Question 29

delphi method

Answer 29

an approach to group decision making that is useful when group members are separated by time or distance

Question 30

procrastination

Answer 30

is delaying without a valid reason

Question 31

framing

Answer 31

a barrier that involves the way in which a problem is presented

Question 32

catastrophizing

Answer 32

is automatically assuming that the worst is going to happen

Question 33

personalization

Answer 33

occurs when a person assume that a problem is aimed directly at him or her

Question 34

single solutin syndrome

Answer 34

different from these other barriers

Question 35

polariztion

Answer 35

when a solution is viewed as being of one extreme or the other, it is either one pole or the opposite

Question 36

confirmation

Answer 36

bias occurs when a person or group keeps only the informationthat supports a preconceived notion

Question 37

fixation barrier

Answer 37

exists when soneone or a group is unable to see a problem from a new perspective

Question 38

selective abstraction

Answer 38

occurs when one detail or one part of a problem is ocused on while the big picture or overall problem ends up being ignored