Supplements In Practice Flashcards
How does processing of ingredients affect the quality of supplements?
Fish. Oil and omega plant oils need to be cold pressed to minimise oxidation.
Whey protein needs to be specially filtered to remove lactose, hormones etc…
CHEAPER EXTRACTION AND PROCESSING METHODS REDUCE THE EFFECTIVENESS AND AFFECT THE SAFETY PROFILE OF THE SUPPLEMENT.
What is overage?
Ingredients may degrade over Shelf life so reputable companies will add extra so that the amount left at the end of the shelf life still meets the label claim.
What are the different forms of supplements?
Tablets capsules powders and liquids.
Tablets are cheaper and easier to produce whilst capsules have fewer excipients. Powders are good for bigger doses whilst liquids have excellent absorption but maybe more expensive and less stable.
What are liposomal supplements and what are their advantages?
They have a protective phospholipid bilayer which protects the active ingredients. This leads to high availability and absorption, increased oral uptake, increased uptake into target cells and they are suitable for water and fat soluble nutrients.
What are excipients?
Excipients or therapeutically active component within a supplement which help to stabilise it.
List four types of excipients?
Fillers, emulsifiers, flavours and colours.
What does the natural pathic approach to supplementing involve?
It involves addressing the underlying cause of any dysfunction and treating the whole person for example its best that supplements are taken under the best conditions to achieve maximum absorption assimilation and utilisation.
What minerals are absorbed in the duodenum.?
Calcium, selenium, magnesium, chromium, iron, manganese and zinc.
What nutrients are absorbed in the jejunum?
B vitamins,biotin, vitamin C, choline, inositol, calcium and magnesium.
Where is vitamin B-12 absorbed?
In the ileum.
Why supplement amino acids?
To restore energy and rebuild muscle or after extreme exercise.
What must you consider when working out the dosage?
The age of the client, the digestive capability, the state of health, and the therapeutic doses.
What is the elemental amount of minerals?
It is the amount of a mineral available for absorption.
Why can supplements be expensive?
Due to the company you use the high quality source of ingredients and whether or not they are GMP approved.
What are the four categories of supplement forms?
Natural source, synthetic, food cultured, and food based.
What does natural source mean?
Nutrients are from vegetable animal or mineral sources for example vitamin D from fish liver oils.
What does synthetic source mean?
It means that the supplement has been manufactured with identical molecular structure to the same natural ingredients for example vitamin C as calcium ascorbate.
What does food cultured mean?
Growing of plants in nutrient solutions. It is thought that culturing mix nutrients that are more bail available for example supplements are often grown in yeast or algae.
What is a food based supplement?
This is a physical mix of isolated nutrients within a food-based made by enzymatically reacting synthetic and natural vitamins. The body recognises this form as food.
What does irradiated mean?
Radiant energy is used to destroy pathogens which also destroys delicate nutrients and disrupts their natural frequencies.
Name three excellent mineral carriers?
Citrates, Gluconates and picolinates.
Why are citrates an excellent mineral carrier?
It is a mineral ion bound to citric acid which is more bioavailable and requires less stomach acid to break the bonds to free the mineral.

Absorption of calcium citrate is 2 1/2 times better than calcium carbonate in a study of post menopausal women.
In which supplement would you find the mineral carrier picolinate?
Most commonly in zinc and chromium.
It is a natural chelator for absorption of certain minerals in the small intestine.
Why is it best to supplement calcium with diet firstly?
Oversupplementation may cause kidney stones and soft tissue calcification especially if vitamin D and vitamin c are low.
Calcium citrate is easier to absorb than calcium carbonate.
