supporting evidence of explanations of ASD

Answer 1

Szatamari (1991)= combined the data from several studies to calculate ‘overall sibling risk’.
- proportion of siblings of people diagnosed with ASD, that also meet the criteria (concordance). The rate was 2.2%.
- For someone without siblings with ASD – 0.11%
So 20x greater risk of developing ASD if you have a sibling with it.

Answer 2

Baron-Cohen (2000)= Adults with ASD were matched with a control group of adults without ASD.​
- Ps were presented with photographs that only showed the eye area of people making different facial expressions, asked to identify the expression shown. ​
- Their brain activity was measured using an fMRI scan during the task. ​
- ASD performed significantly worse on the eye task than controls ​
- fMRI scans showed that the left amygdala was not activated in the ASD Ps at all but was strongly activated in the controls