suppositories

Question 1

What are two base types for suppositories?

Answer 1

Oleaginous and Water soluble

Question 2

What is the common name for Theobroma Oil?

Answer 2

Cocoa Butter

Question 3

What type of base is Theobroma Oil

Answer 3

Oleaginous Base

Question 4

Physical Characteristics of Theobroma Oil

Answer 4

Yellowish-White solid with an odor of chocolate

Question 5

What is theobroma oil a mixture of?

Answer 5

glyceryl esters of unsaturated fatty acids

Question 6

Advantages of using theobroma oil as stated in the slides

Answer 6

At room temperature it is solid, and at 86-95 degrees (body temperature), it melts to a bland and non-irritating oil

Question 7

What are some things we need to consider when we’re formulating a suppository with theobroma oil?

Answer 7

It cannot be heated above 35 degrees celsius because it will convert into a different structure that then has a much lower melting point (25-30 degrees)

Question 8

Some drugs may lower the melting point of theobroma oil. What can we do to combat this?

Answer 8

Add in spermaceti, or beeswax to raise the melting point

Question 9

Synthetic Triglycerides- common name

Answer 9

Hydrogenated Vegetable Oils

Question 10

What is an advantage of using Synthetic triglycerides over theobroma oil?

Answer 10

It does not exhibit polymorphism. This means that even if heated to 35 degrees Celsius, it will not convert to another form that then has a lower melting point/

Question 11

What is an disadvantage of using Synthetic triglycerides over theobroma oil?

Answer 11

it’s more expensive

Question 12

Name brands for Synthetic triglycerides

Answer 12

Fattibase® , Wecobee®, Dehydag®, Hydrokote®, Suppocire®, and Witepsol®.

Question 13

Glycerinated Gelatin

Answer 13

Water Soluble / Water Miscible base

Question 14

Physical attributes of glycerinated gelatin

Answer 14

Translucent, resilient, gelatinous solids

Question 15

Action of glycerinated gelatin as a base?

Answer 15

They tend to dissolve and disperse slowly in mucous secretions to provide a prolonged release of active ingredients

Question 16

What is glycerinated gelatin made of?

Answer 16

Glycerol, gelatin and water.

Question 17

How should glycerinated gelatin be stored?

Answer 17

well-closed containers in a cool place since they absorb and dissolve in atmospheric moisture.

Question 18

If we want to create a suppository with glycerinated gelatin as the base, and we want it to have an extended shelf life, what should we add to it?

Answer 18

A preservative

Question 19

What needs to be done to gelatin suppositories just before use?

Answer 19

Dipped in water.

Question 20

Polyethylene Glycol Polymer base type

Answer 20

Water Soluble/Water Miscible Bases

Question 21

Properties of Polyethylene Glycol Polymers:

Answer 21

Chemically stable, nonirritating, miscible with water

Question 22

Advantages of formulating with Polyethylene Glycol Polymers:

Answer 22

Can be formulated by molding or compression
Can also be used to make a wide variety of hardness (soft-hard suppositories) and melting point

Question 23

Does glycerinated gelatin or polyethylene glycol polymers melt at body temperature?

Answer 23

They do not.

Question 24

If glycerinated gelatin or polyethylene glycol polymers don’t melt at body temp, how are they released in the body?

Answer 24

They are released after dissolving in bodily fluids and mucous secretions the body

Question 25

Which provides a more prolonged release: Theobroma Oil or Polyethylene glycol polymers?

Answer 25

Polyethylene glycol polymers. Makes sense b/c it does not melt at body temperature

Question 26

Commonly, do formulas call for Polyethylene glycol polymers by themselves as a base, or in combination?

Answer 26

Usually asks for combination. Formulas will ask for compounds of two or more molecular weights to get the desired hardness and dissolution time

Question 27

Because glycerinated gelatin or polyethylene glycol polymers (just water miscible suppsoitories in general) don't have to melt at body temperature, what makes this advantageous?

Answer 27

They can be formulated with much higher melting points (dont need to melt @ body temp), and can safely be stored at room temperature

Question 28

Hand Rolling method

Answer 28

Is used to prepare a small number of suppositories Kind of like making dough. Roll out a log of the suppository and cut it to size

Question 29

Compression Molding

Answer 29

Cold mass of base that contains the drug is compressed using a hand operated machine

Question 30

Fusion Molding

Answer 30

First melting the suppository base & then dispersing the drug in the melted base. Mixture can then be removed from the heat and then poured into the suppository mold, and once it congeals, it is removed from the mold.

Question 31

Automatic Molding Machine

Answer 31

All operations are done by automatic machines. Using the machine, 10,000 suppositories can be made per hour

Question 32

Shape of a suppository mold

Answer 32

Bullet shaped