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Survey Lec > Survey Lec Concepts > Flashcards

Survey Lec Concepts Flashcards

(85 cards)

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1
Q

TIt is used for determining relative position on or beneath the surface of the earth

A

Surveying

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2
Q

Branch of surveying used to find elevations of given points with respect to a given or assumed datum

A

Leveling

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3
Q

Can be attached to a wheel for measuring surface distance

A

Odometer

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4
Q

An instrument with a self contained measuring device

A

Measuring wheel

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5
Q

This survey relates to land ownership

A

Cadastral survey

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6
Q

This survey is for mapping of bodies of water

A

Hydrographic survey

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7
Q

This survey is used in determining relative points beneath the surface of the earth

A

Mine survey

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8
Q

Provides data in determinin* horizontal and vertical alignment for roads

A

Route survey

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9
Q

Survey method used to map natural and man made features and obtain elevation

A

Topographic survey

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10
Q

Sub-discipline of surveying which requires high accuracy and precision

A

Industrial survey

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11
Q

Most precise instrument for measurement of horizontal and vertical angles

A

Theodolite

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12
Q

It’s made up of cotton, coated linen, and other synthetic material

A

Measuring tape

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13
Q

Used for centering aid for surveying materials

A

Plumb bob

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14
Q

Portable three-legged frame or stand

A

Tripod

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15
Q

Instrument use to find out the bearing of traversing and angles between them

A

Prismatic compass

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16
Q

Errors caused by environmental conditions

A

Natural error

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17
Q

Errors cause by imperfectly constructed equipment

A

Instrument errors

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18
Q

Errors caused by physical limitation and inconsistent setup

A

Human errors

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19
Q

Are called difference between measured value and its true value

A

Error

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20
Q

Accidental errors

A

Random errors

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21
Q

Degree of conformity

A

Accuracy

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22
Q

Set of measurement agree wih their mean

A

Precision

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23
Q

It involves measuring distance by counting the number of steps

A

Pacing

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24
Q

Used to determing horizontal and slope distances

A

Taping

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25
Method of angular surveying, used to quickly determine horizontal distance and elevation of a point
Tacheometry
26
Complete the ff. 1. Direct leveling 2. Trigonometric leveling 3. ______________ 4. Stadia Leveling
Barometric leveling
27
Basic form of leveling in which the instrument is placed between points
Simple leveling
28
It is performed when the distance between 2 points is more
Differential leveling
29
Leveling used when benchmark is very far away
Fly leveling
30
Leveling also known as Longitudinal Sectioning
Profile leveling
31
Also known as longitudinal leveling
Reciprocal leveling
32
This emthod is used to find elevation of a point from angle and horizontal distance, also called indirect leveling
Trigonometric leveling
33
A modified form of trigonometric leveling, in this case the line of sight is inclined
Stadia leveling
34
A phenomenon of the compass needle to be attracted downward due to earth’s magnetic field
Magnetic dip
35
Shows lines connecting points where the magnetic declination of the compass is the same
Isogonic lines
36
Are lines connecting point of zero magnetic declination
Agonic lines
37
The horizontal angle and direction by which the needle of a compass deflects from the true meridian
Magnetic declination
38
Formula in determining interior angles in a closed polygon
(N-2)180*
39
It is the acute horizontal angle between a reference meridian
Bearing
40
It’s the direction as given by the angle between the line and from either north or south
Azimuth
41
The geographic meridian
True meridian
42
Fixed line of reference which lies parallel with the magnetic lines
Magnetic meridian
43
The direction of a line is usually defined by the horizontal angle and with a fixed reference
Meridian
44
Determining the lengths and direction of consecutive lines
Traverse
45
When lines form a circuit which ends at the starting point
Closed traverse
46
When the lines form a circuit that ends elsewhere
Open traverse
47
Error formula
e = actual length - standard length
48
True distance formula
Td = Md + Md/standard length x error
49
Temperature correction
aL(T2 - T1)
50
Coefficient of thermal expansion for steel
a= 11.6x10^-6 m/mC
51
Correction for sag formula
w^2 L^3 / 24 P^2
52
Correction for Slope Formula
h^2 / 2S
53
Horizontal Distance Formula (slope method)
Cslope = S - H or H = S - Cslope
54
Elongation Formula (sw)
mgx/2AE (2l-x)
55
Elongation Formula (M)
Mgx / AE
56
Elongation Formula (pull)
- P1x / AE
57
Instrument Height Formula (Differential Leveling)
Benchmark (elevation) + Back sight Reading
58
Benchmark 2 Elevation Formula (diff leveling)
Height of Instrument - Foresight Reading
59
Stadia Formula (horizontal line of sight)
D = Ks + C
60
K (Stadia)
Stadia Interval Factor
61
C (Stadia)
Stadia constant
62
s = Upper hair reading - lower hair reading (Stadia)
Stadia Intercept
63
Stadia Formula (W/elevation)
D = Ks cos θ + C
64
Value of Stadia Constant on an Internal Focusing Telescope
C = 0
65
Earth's Curvature Formula
Hc = 0.0785 K^2
66
The first DPD is equals to the _________
Latitude
67
The first DMD is equals to the _______
Departure
68
DPD x _________ = Double Area
Corrected Departure
69
DMD x ________ = Double Area
Corrected Latitude
70
Area of closed traverse formula
1/2 ∑ DA
71
Refraction Formula
Hrc = 0.0675 K^2
72
A type of variation that is usually neglected when observing magnetic direction
Daily Variation
73
Slow and gradual shift in the position of the earth’s magnetic meridian Swings every 150 years
Secular Variation
74
Variations that are likely to occur during magnetic storms
Irregular Variation
75
Means “passing across” or determining the lengths and direction of consecutive lines
Traverse
76
When lines form a circuit which ends at the starting point
Closed traverse
77
When lines form a circuit that ends elsewhere except the starting point
Open traverse
78
A short line of unknown length and direction connecting the initial and final station
Linear error of closure
79
Two types of traverse adjustment
Compass rule and Transit Rule
80
Also called the Bowditch Rule
Compass rule
81
Two types of curves
Horizontal Curves and Vertical Curves
82
These curves are viewed from the top. (Curves are simple curves, compound curves, reverse curves, and spiral curve)
Horizontal Curve
83
These curves are used to provide smooth transition in direction which takes place in the vertical plane
Vertical Curves
84
3 methods used in determining the area of traverse
Herons formula Matrix mode Shoe lace method
85

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