Sustainable Harvest - Midterm

Question 1

What are the three categories of hunters?

Answer 1

• Meat hunters (40%)
• Sport hunters (38%)
• Nature hunters (18%)

Question 2

What are the two categories of anti-hunting/trapping groups?

Answer 2

• Humanistic attitudes

- Moralistic attitudes

Question 3

What is the general support for hunting?

Answer 3

• 80% to 90% support for hunting

- Less than 15% support trophy hunting

Question 4

What is “doomed” or “allowable surplus”?

Answer 4

• Number of species that are allowed to be hunted to meet carrying capacity

Question 5

Describe compensatory mortality.

Answer 5

• Hunting removes the same number of individuals from the population than natural mortality would

Question 6

Describe additive mortality.

Answer 6

• Hunting removes more individuals from the population than natural mortality

Question 7

When are populations growing at their fastest rate?

Answer 7

• Half carrying capacity!

Question 8

Describe the concept of Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY). Draw graph

Answer 8

• The largest average yield that can be continuously taken from a population without threatening the population, keeping the population at a sustainable
• MSY is half carrying capacity (k/2)

Question 9

What are the concerns with MSY? (3 points)

Answer 9

• Assumes certain factors (population size, population growth rate, harvest levels) are known exactly
• Assumes carrying capacity is relatively stable and predictable (winter is the most limiting time and hunting is concentrated in the fall which may add pressure to populations if winter is harsh and a large number was harvested)
• Unsure of “allowable surplus” remains relatively stable from year to year, are subject to fluctuation over short periods of time.

Question 10

What is Optimum Sustainable Yield, and why is it a better approach?

Answer 10

• OSY suggests that 25% of the population can be harvested yearly, permitting another 25% to natural mortality.
• This approach allows for uncertainties like habitat quality, weather patterns, and future conditions

Question 11

How are BC harvest rates compared to MSY?

Answer 11

• Only 6% - 15% of population are harvested

Question 12

What is the BC resident hunter number (now the FWID)?

Answer 12

• card required to purchase hunting and species licences in BC

Question 13

What is CORE?

Answer 13

• Conservation Outdoor Recreation Education course required to get your BC hunter number (FWID)

Question 14

What is Limited Entry Hunting? Where do you find information on LEH?

Answer 14

• Region specific, only a specific number, must pay to have your chance to be selected, only those selected can hunt
• Information is found on the LEH synopsis

Question 15

What is General Open Season?

Answer 15

• Open to anyone with a valid hunting licence for that year

Question 16

What are some key points against trapping?

Answer 16

• Traps cause suffering
• Trapping for fur for fashion is immoral
• Trapping kills/injures many non-target species

Question 17

What are some key points in favour of trapping?

Answer 17

• Data from trappers helps managers know what is going on with the fur bearing species
• Fur sales help economic welfare of some people
• Rabies, distemper and other diseases are supressed by trapping
• Death by nature can be more painful and harsh than trapping

Question 18

Can you trap anywhere, anytime in BC?

Answer 18

• NO, only in designated trap lines at specific times of year

Question 19

What is CLASS 1 in trapping terms?

Answer 19

• A species that can be managed on individual trap lines such as beaver, fox, marten, mink, muskrat, raccoon, skunk, weasel

Question 20

What is CLASS 2 in trapping terms?

Answer 20

• A species that moves between traplines, so not managed on an individual trapline instead managed at a regional level in consultation with local trappers - lynx, bobcat, wolverine, otter

Question 21

What is CLASS 3 in trapping terms?

Answer 21

• A species that moves between trap lines but are not vulnerable to over trapping - wolf coyote

Question 22

What is a spike fork bull moose?

Answer 22

• a bull moose which has no more than 2 tines on one antler including the tines on main beam and brow palms (does not include calf)

Question 23

What is a tri-palm bull moose?

Answer 23

• a bull moose having at least one antler with brow palm bearing 3 or more tines

Question 24

What is a spike buck?

Answer 24

• Male juvenile (deer, elk, moose) with unbranched antlers

Question 25

Provide 5 unlawful points.

Answer 25

• Making a false statement to an officer
• Capture, posses or keep in captivity any wildlife without permit
• To posses, take, injure or destroy a bird, egg, or nest of any bird except those designated by regulations
• Sell or buy migratory birds
• Traffic live wildlife, wildlife meat, or offer to do so
• Dump or discard litter
• Damage or interfere with lawfully set trap
• Hunt female mountain goat with kid
• Hunt black bear under 2 years old or any bear in its company
• Hunt glacier or spirit bear

Question 26

Who were the original “conservationists” in BC?

Answer 26

• Hunters and Anglers

Question 27

What are the 7 components to BC’s model for managing wildlife in North America?

Answer 27

• Wildlife is held in the public trust
• Eliminating commerce in dead wildlife (buying/selling)
• Allocating wildlife through law
• Hunting opportunity for all
• Wildlife may be killed only for legitimate purposes
• Wildlife is an international resource
• Science is the basis for wildlife policy

Question 28

What is the approximate annual $$ spent by hunters in the US?

Answer 28

• $7.5 billion

Question 29

Why do we have a healthy and abundant wildlife populations in BC today?

Answer 29

• Because individuals ensured they followed the regulations and conservation model