Sustainablity In Urban Areas

Question 1

Define sustainability

Answer 1

People living now without reducing the ability for people to live in the future

Question 2

How can a city become sustainable through waste management?

Answer 2

Producing less waste or changing how waste is deposited

Question 3

Describe landfill

Answer 3

When rubbish is buried in quarries

Question 4

What are the advantages of of landfill?

Answer 4

Cheap and new landfills can be lined with impermeable materials

Question 5

What are the disadvantages of landfills?

Answer 5

Pollute ground water and releases lots of greenhouse gasses

Question 6

What is a case study example of landfill?

Answer 6

Manila, Philippines - 10,000 families live next to the landfill

Question 7

Describe composting as a strategy to waste management

Answer 7

In the uk 38% of household waste is biodegradable

Question 8

What are the advantages to composting?

Answer 8

Reduced the cost to local authority and produces a rich fertiliser

Question 9

What are the disadvantages of composting?

Answer 9

Waste must be stored properly , if it is contaminated then it cannot be sold for agricultural uses

Question 10

Describe recycling

Answer 10

When waste materials are made into new products or materials

Question 11

What are the advantages of recycling?

Answer 11

Cheap and uses less energy than making new products

Question 12

What are the disadvantages of recycling?

Answer 12

Costs money up front to set up collection/plants and some cannot be bothered

Question 13

What is the case study for recycling in urban areas?

Answer 13

Windsor - 70% signed up and recycling increased by 35%

Question 14

Describe the reuse and reduce strategy

Answer 14

Individuals register with mail preference service to reduce junk mail

Question 15

What are the advantages of reduce sand reuse?

Answer 15

Plastic bottles are easily reused

Question 16

What are the disadvantages of the reduce and reuse scheme?

Answer 16

Only some produces can be successfully reused

Question 17

What is a case study example of the reduce and reuse scheme?

Answer 17

Germany - drinks companies give money back when a refillable cup in used

Question 18

Describe the energy recovery scheme

Answer 18

Waste that cannot be composited, reused or recycled is burnt into heat / electricity

Question 19

What are the advantages of the energy recovery scheme?

Answer 19

Provides heat for many houses

Question 20

What are the disadvantages of the energy recovery scheme?

Answer 20

Not sustainable as it produced co2

Question 21

What main problems are associated with driving?

Answer 21

• reduces QOL
• longer journey times
• increased stress
• further emissions

Question 22

What three things does public transport need to be?

Answer 22

Reliable, cheap and easy

Question 23

What is the most transport-wise country in Europe?

Answer 23

Freiburg, Germany

Question 24

In 2000-2008, what percent of Germans walked/cycled/PT for their journeys?

Answer 24

40%

Question 25

How did Freiburg, Germany achieve sustainability?

Answer 25

* integrated transport system * unified ticket system * buses have priority at the lights * city centre is pedestrianised

Question 26

How did car journeys decrease in Freiburg between 1982-2007?

Answer 26

Decreased by 6%

Question 27

In Freiburg, what percent of fares paid for the overall transport system?

Answer 27

90%

Question 28

What do road schemes aim to do?

Answer 28

Encourage other forms of transport from cars

Question 29

What's an example of a successful road scheme?

Answer 29

Cleritiba, Brazil | Each road widened for bus lanes

Question 30

What does traffic management aim to do?

Answer 30

Changes the route traffic can take, by passes are often built to avoid the city centre

Question 31

What are integrated transport systems aimed to do?

Answer 31

Coordinate different types of PT to avoid waiting times

Question 32

What are park and ride schemes?

Answer 32

Park on towns outskirts (R/U fringe) avoiding the cost of city centre parking charges, but may cause conflict and doesn't actually reduce the number of cars

Question 33

Where are low carbon vehicles used and how do they work?

Answer 33

Singapore - powered by hydrogen and only emit water

Question 34

What is the Cambridge guided busway?

Answer 34

Disused train line, tracks changed based on a ladder concept (decrease surface run off)

Question 35

How much did the Cambridge guided busway cost?

Answer 35

£180 million (but still 1/5 of a similar rail project)

Question 36

How have the Lake District aimed to create sustainable transport?

Answer 36

* bike friendly busses * electric bike hire points * core hire promoted instead of driving to the lakes

Question 37

What did Rio De Janerio do to create a sustainable transport system?

Answer 37

Cable car system designed for city dwellers, costing £63 million