Swarm Intelligence Flashcards
One property of a swarm is each member’s inability to do a task by itself, but…
It can do the same task easily as a swarm
The ability to do a task that a member could not do otherwise is called…
An emergent property of the swarm
Each element of a swarm has…
A simple behaviour, and a set of rules for interacting with other members and the environment
Ant Colony Optimisation is an evolutionary algorithm inspired by ants, used for the task of…
Finding the shortest path/optimisation of a task (both are technically true)
Stimergy is a phenomenon we observe in nature, such that…
Animals communicate via interaction with the environment
Sematonic stimergy is where…
The action of an agent is directly related to problem solving
Sign-based stimergy is where…
The action of an agent affects the environment, but is not directly aimed at problem solving
Ants have highly sophisticated [sematonic/sign-based] stimergy, where they communicate via […].
Sign-based, pheromones
The stronger scented a pheromone trail is, the more likely an ant has been down this path before and [failed to return/returned safely], therefore it is [less/more] likely for an ant to take this path.
Returned safely, more
In ACO, ants are […] that move along […] between nodes in a graph.
Agents, edges
In ACO, an ant’s path represents a specific…
Candidate solution
In ACO, after an ant has generated a candidate solution…
Pheromone is laid on that path
In ACO, [more/less] pheromones are placed on a path based on the [ant/quality of the solution].
More, based on the quality of the solution
In ACO, the initial graph begins with [no/equal/random] pheromone on along each edge.
Random
In ACO, an ant does not return to a node it has already been to due to…
A tabulist describing the nodes it has already visited
In ACO, after each [ant/iteration], we evaporate the pheromone.
Iteration
In ACO, we define the probability that an ant will go to a city as…
The probability we are going to that city, divided by the probability we will go to the other cities
In ACO, pheromones are updated using the update rule, which measures each update as…
The original pheromone multiplied by a learning rate coefficient, plus some measure of the quality of the path
The Max-Min Ant System updates pheromone trails based on […] ants.
The best
The Elitist Rank Ant System updates pheromone trails based on […] ants.
The best of a set number of
Evolutionary algorithms like ACO can be applied to any problem as long as you have…
Relevant embedding
A construction graph represents…
The construction of the problem, where we represent each decision horizontally as a node linked to each possible remaining choice
For example, given a graph of size 10, we start at the beginning node, then make some decision of the 9 remaining nodes. This becomes a new node, which is connected to 8 nodes, and so on.
