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ASC 408G Swine Production > Swine Diseases > Flashcards

Swine Diseases Flashcards

(88 cards)

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1
Q

born without an external anus because it was developed inside

A

atresia ani

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2
Q

atresia ani has a survival percentage of:

A

<1%

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3
Q

atresia ani is ____ unless it’s a female that can defecate from its vulva

A

lethal

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4
Q

temporary treatment for atresia ani

A

surgically cut an external anus that aligns with the digestive tract

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5
Q

a genetic condition caused by the recessive HAL gene

A

Porcine Stress Syndrome (PSS)

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6
Q

PSS mainly affects what breed

A

Pietrain breed

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7
Q

the HAL gene is an abnormal gene that codes for the regulation of _____ levels

A

calcium

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8
Q

what is PSD and what disease is it associated with?

A

PSE (pale, soft, exudative meat), PSS (Porcine Stress Syndrome)

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9
Q

a disease that prevents the calcium channel from closing and increases metabolic rate

A

PSS

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10
Q

symptoms of PSS

A 
muscle tremors (tail twitching)
red and blotched skin
rigor mortis
rise in temperature
death
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11
Q

treatment for PSS

A

spraying pig with cold water (usually unsuccessful)

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12
Q

a parasite that affects swine, carnivorous animals, and humans that’s ingested through consumption of infected meat

A

trichinosis

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13
Q

a large outbreak of trichinosis in people led to:

A

confinement housing for pigs
change in swine diets
irradiation of meat
proper cooking techniques

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14
Q

symptoms of trichinosis

A

hard to observe symptoms

muscle apin and decreased weight gains

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15
Q

disease resulting from consuming feces containing oocytes (eggs) of the parasite

A

toxoplasmosis

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16
Q

how can humans become infected with toxoplasmosis

A
  • consuming tissue of animals infected with the parasite

- serious problem for pregnant women (handling effected feces)

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17
Q

what are 3 things that increase the occurrence of toxoplasmosis in swine

A

outdoor swine
cats on the premise
poor biosecurity

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18
Q

symptoms of toxoplasmosis

A

fever
coughing
diarrhea
death

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19
Q

treatment for toxoplasmosis

A

not common to receive medical treatment

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20
Q

in what 3 ways do skins diseases effect production

A

lower growth rate
lower feed efficiency
lower carcass value (damage to hide & excessive trimming)

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21
Q

lesions of the skin from Staphylococcus hyicus that produces toxins that are absorbed from the skin and damage the liver & kidneys

A

greasy pig disease

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22
Q

what 3 things cause flare ups of greasy pig disease

A

poor hygiene
high humidity
prior skin abrasions

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23
Q

symptoms of greasy pig disease

A

moist greasy feel to skin on face, then all over body

odoriferous smell from the skin

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24
Q

treatment for greasy pig disease

A

topical antimicrobials with mineral oil

electrolytes

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25
a parasitic disease where Demodex Phyllodes live in the hair follicles
demodectic mange
26
symptoms of demodectic mange
dermatitis - around snout, eyes, thighs, & flanks skin nodules with mites and fluid lesions where skin nodules were crusty skin spots on head
27
treatment of demodectic mange
spread through contact | spraying anti-parasitic treatment directly on skin
28
skin disease caused by Sarcoptes scabiei
sarcoptic mange
29
how is sarcoptic mange spread
through direct contact
30
name the two types of sarcoptic mange
hyperkeratotic (6 months and older) and hypersensitive form (young growing animals)
31
symptoms of sarcoptic mange
``` thick, rough, crusted skin dull gray and brown lesions lesions on ears. head, neck, shoulder, legs itching hair loss ```
32
treatment for sarcoptic mange
topical sprays | injectable products
33
inflammation of 1 or more mammary glands
mastitis
34
mastitis during dry period
coliform mastitis
35
what 2 ways does bacteria enter causing mastitis?
through the teat | directly into the gland from sharp teeth
36
what causes mastitis
bacteria | secondary infection from perviously being infected
37
risk factors of coliform mastitis
inadequate water imbalanced diet mycotoxins warm environment
38
symptoms of coliform mastitis
low performing pigs dark blue color to ears and tail swollen, purple milk glands
39
mastitis that occurs sporadically in individual sows
staphylococcal mastitis
40
symptoms of staphylococcal mastitis
poor gaining pigs hot, swollen mammary glands think, yellow to brown milk
41
treatment for staph. mastitis
antibiotics | clean, dry environment
42
3 types of mastitis
coliform mastitis staphylococcus mastitis streptococcal mastitis
43
bacteria found on all farms that is excreted in saliva, feces, and urine
erysipelas
44
where does the erysipelas bacteria multiply and what does it produce?
bloodstream; septicaemia
45
what type of pigs are most likely to get erysipelas and why?
finishing pigs; because of the amount of contact with feces
46
symptoms of erysipelas in sows
``` stillbirths abortions mummified pigs infertility fever over 108 raised, red diamonds in the skin that turn black ```
47
symptoms of erysipelas in finishing pigs
fever edema of snout red, raised diamonds on skin that turn black
48
symptoms of erysipelas in boars
poor production of sperm because of the high temperature
49
treatment for erysipelas
penicillin injections amoxicillin in the water vaccination
50
a virus that reproduces in the intestine and is passed through the feces and is resistant to disinfectants
parvovirus
51
parvovirus affects mainly what types of pigs and how
guilts - crosses placenta during 1st half of gestation | boars - affects spermatogenesis
52
symptoms of parvovirus
failure to come back to estrus increased mummified fetuses smaller litter size prolonged gestation lengths
53
treatment for parvovirus
no treatment | yearly vaccination
54
most economically significant disease in swine production
PRRS
55
how is PRRS transmitted
direct contact aerial body fluid
56
how does PRRS affect sows and boars
reproductive impairment
57
how does PRRS affect growing pigs
respiratory diseases
58
caused by an enveloped RNA virus
PRRS
59
what are the symptoms of PRRS in sows and boars
``` abortions, stillbirths, mummified weak pigs cyanosis of ears, abdomen, vulva high pre-weaning mortality low semen quality respiratory distress ```
60
what are the symptoms of PRRS in growing pigs?
cyanosis of ears fever coughing pneumonia
61
how is PRRS prevented and treated?
vaccinate biosecurity antibiotics for secondary infections
62
the virus that causes porcine epidemic diarrhea is most likely to survive and effect swine when it is ____ and ____.
cold; wet
63
symptoms of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea
severe diarrhea vomiting high morbidity
64
the virus that causes Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea is deactivated by what?
heat
65
is there a vaccine for Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea?
no
66
how many new cases of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea are diagnosed each week?
40-50
67
Post Weaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS) is a slow progressive disease that affects weaned pigs that are what age?
6-12 weeks
68
what disease is strongly associated with stress?
PMWS
69
how is PMWS spread?
``` fomites fluids stress rodents birds ```
70
what are 4 symptoms of PMWS?
weight loss swollen lymph nodes diarrhea poor breathing
71
this is a viral disease that is spread fecal to oral commonly seen in winter months
TGE (Transmissible Gastronteritis)
72
symptoms of TGE
vomiting foul smelling diarrhea (b/c of excess fat) weight loss lack of appetite
73
what is another name for Mycoplasmal Pneumonia?
Enzootic Pneumonia
74
symptoms of Mycoplasmal pneumonia
unproductive cough rough hair coat lesions mild chronic pneumonia
75
treatment and prevention of Mycoplasmal Pneumonia
antibiotics | vaccination
76
this is a zoonotic disease that causes respiratory problems and can lead to meningitis
streptococcus suis
77
what age pigs is step. suis commonly seen in?
10 days-12 weeks
78
what 4 ways is step. sues transmitted?
orally aerosols flies rodents
79
symptoms of streptococcus suis
``` tremors blindness paddling arthritis lameness abortion fever ```
80
two main strands of swine influenza
H1N1 | H3N2
81
4 ways swine flu is transmitted
direct contact airborne particles secretions aerosols
82
symptoms of swine influenza
``` fever nasal discharge cough abortion (due to high fever) high morbidity, low mortality ```
83
2 treatments options for swine flu
loss stress environment | treat secondary infections
84
a zoonotic disease that spreads through contact with urine and water that typically goes undiagnosed
leptospirosis
85
symptoms of lepto in sows and guilts
stillbirths weak piglets mummified pigs premature piglets
86
symptoms of lepto in young pigs
hemorrhaging | jaundice
87
2 treatments for leptospirosis
tetracyclines | streptomycin
88
2 prevention methods for lepto
routine vaccination | vector (rodent) control

ASC 408G Swine Production (10 decks)

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