Swine Diseases & Parasites Flashcards
(147 cards)
1
Q
Age and weight of weanlings/nursery
A
3-10 weeks old
4-25 kg
2
Q
Age and weight of growers/finisher
A
10-26 weeks old
25-120 kg
3
Q
Age and weight of breeders/adults
A
> 6-8 months old
>120 kg
4
Q
Multisystematic diseases
A
Erysipelas Glasser's disease Salmonella PRRS Pseudorabies virus Vitamin E/ Selenium deficiency
5
Q
One of the symptoms of this disease is diamond skin
A
Erysipelas
6
Q
Scientific name for Erysipelas
A
Erysipelothrix Rhusiopathiae
7
Q
Is Erysipelas gram positive or gram negative?
A
Gram positive
8
Q
Chronic forms of this disease can cause valvular endocarditis
A
Erysipelas
9
Q
Age and weight of neonates
A
0-3 weeks old
10
Q
At what age should swine be vaccinated for prevention and control of Erysipelas?
A
Vaccinate at weaning and then every 6 months
11
Q
What is the treatment for Erysipelas?
A
Penicillins
Tetracyclines
12
Q
Glasser’s disease is aka
A
Polyserositis
13
Q
Scientific name for Glasser’s disease
A
Haemophilus Parasuis
14
Q
Is Glasser’s disease gram positive or gram negative?
A
Gram negative coccobacillus
15
Q
How is Erysipelas transmitted?
A
Direct contact
16
Q
Is Erysipelas zoonotic?
A
Yes
17
Q
Diagnosis of Glasser’s disease
A
Culture
Suspicion from gross lesions
18
Q
Treatment for Glasser’s
A
Penicillin V 7days before and 7 days after farrowing
19
Q
Incubation period for Glasser’s
A
4wk-4months
20
Q
Glasser’s is also associated with these diseases
A
PRRS
Swine influenza
21
Q
When should you vaccinate for prevention and control of Glasser’s?
A
Vaccinate at weaning then again 3-4 wks later
22
Q
Aside from vaccination, what else can be done to prevent Glasser’s?
A
Reduce stress
23
Q
This disease is initiated by stress
A
Glasser’s disease
24
Q
Signs for Glasser’s
A
- Fever, anorexia, depression
- Meningoencephalitis
- Polyserositis
- Polyarthritis
25
Is Glasser's disease zoonotic?
No
26
Is Salmonella zoonotic?
Yes
27
Is Glasser's endemic?
Yes
28
Is Salmonella endemic?
Low level endemicity
29
Scientific name for Salmonella
```
Salmonella Cholerasuis (mostly only in swine)
Salmonella Typhimurium
```
30
How is salmonella transmitted from swine to humans?
Contaminated pork products
31
Diagnosis of Salmonella
Aerobic culture
32
Treatment for Salmonella
Neomycin in the feed/water for whole group
| Naxcel (celtiofur) for individual
33
Prevention and control for Salmonella
Sanitation
All in-all out operation
Various vaccines (live avirulent)
34
PRRS means?
Porcine Reproduction and Respiratory Syndrome
35
Most important economic disease in USA
PRRS
36
Diagnosis of PRRS
Serology, virus isolation
| IFA, IHC most common test used in US
37
Treatment for PRRS
Supportive care
| Treat secondary bacteria
38
Control of PRRS
Closed herds
Change feed if contaminated by mycotoxins
RespPRRS vaccine
39
How is PRRS transmitted?
Direct contact
40
Incubation period for PRRS
4-8 days
41
Prognosis for PRRS
Young- bad
| Adults- good
42
Pseudorabies is aka
Aujesky's disease
43
Type 1 herpes virus
Pseudorabies
44
Is pseudorabies zoonotic?
No
45
Mortality of pseudorabies in baby piglets
100%
46
Mortality of pseudorabies in weanlings/growers
60%
47
Pseudorabies can cause this in adults
Stillbirth/ abortion
48
Incubation for Pseudorabies
2-6 days
| 48 hours in sucklings
49
Treatment for pseudorabies
None
50
Prevention for pseudorabies
Closed herd
Quarantine
Restrict wildlife
Vaccination
51
Diagnosis of pseudorabies
Necropsy
Serum neutralization
ELISA
52
The use of vaccination for this disease is regulated by the states
Pseudorabies
53
All animals over this age must be tested for pseudorabies
6 months
54
White muscle disease/mulberry heart disease is caused by this
Vit E/ Selenium deficiency
55
Clinical signs of vitE/selenium deficiency
```
Acute death (mulberry heart dz)
Muscle weakness (white muscle dz)
```
56
Diagnosis of vitE/selenium deficiency
Necropsy
Diffuse hepatic necrosis
Liver selenium
57
Prevention or treatment for VitE/Selenium deficiency
Injected with vitE and/or selenium (Vitesel injection)
| Supplementation of feed or drinking water (5-7 days)
58
Respiratory diseases
```
Atrophic rhinitis
Swine influenza
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Pasturella
Verminous pneumonia
```
59
Scientific name for Atrophic rhinitis
Bordatella Bronchiseptica
| Pasturella Multocida
60
Diagnosis of Atrophic rhinitis
Necropsy -cut about at 2nd premolars
61
Treatment for Atrophic rhinitis
Tetracyclines in feed
| LA200 (oxytetracycline) to neonates
62
Control and prevention for Atrophic rhinitis
All in all out
Reduce stress
Clean air
Vaccinate sows
63
Is swine influenza zoonotic?
Yes
64
Diagnosis of swine influenza
Necropsy
| Fluorescent antibody test
65
Treatment for swine influenza
Supportive
66
Prevention for swine influenza
Closed hers
Control secondary infections
Keep away from humans! No shows
67
Most common cause of chronic pneumonia
Mycoplasma hyooneumoniae
68
Plum colored lung is a diagnosis for this disease
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae
69
Treatment for mycoplasma
Lincomycin in feed
70
Clinical signs of Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia
Severe respiratory distress
| Death
71
Treatment for Actinobacillus
Ceftiofur and procaine penicillin
72
Most common bacterial isolate from pig lungs
Pastureland multocida
73
"Milk spots" can be seen with this disease
Verminous pneumonia
74
This diseases Can lead to "bleed out"
Gastric ulcer disease
75
Colibacillosis is aka
E.coli
76
Clinical sign of clostridium enteritis
Bloody diarrhea
77
Diagnosis of clostridium enteritis
Necropsy- blood in jejunum
78
Diagnosis of rotavirus
Difficult
| Necropsy -thin walled small intestine
79
Treatment for rotavirus
Glucose and fluids
| Anti microbial for concurrent infections
80
What vaccine is given to control rotavirus
MLV vaccine at 7 and 21 days
81
Scientific name for Swine dysentery
Serpulina hyodysenteriae
82
Who does swine dysentery affect?
Grower/finishers
83
Mortality for swine dysentery?
Up to 30%
84
Clinical signs for swine dysentery
Diarrhea (sometimes blood)
| Eventually watery, bloody, mucoid
85
Diagnosis for swine dysentery
Necropsy- mucohemorrhahic colitis
86
Treatment for swine dysentery
Lincomycin in water
87
Scientific name for Proliferative Enteropathy
Lawsonia intracellulare
88
Diagnosis for Proliferative Enteropathy
Necropsy- "garden hose" ilium and colon
89
Where can you find the parasite Trichuris suis
Colon
90
Where can you find the parasite ascaris suum
Small intestine, milk spots
91
Where can you find the parasite Stephanurus edentatus
Kidney
92
Where can you find the parasite macrocanthorynchus hirudinaceous
Small intestine
93
Neurological diseases
Hypoglycemia
Streptococcus suis
Salt poisoning
Edema disease
94
Hypoglycemia occurs in
Newborn piglets
95
Blood glucose for piglet with hypoglycemia
96
May see loss of cartilage with this disease
Suppurative arthritis
97
Reproductive diseases
Parvovirus
Lepto
PRRS
Brucellosis
98
Control for this disease includes grinding up "mummies" and feeding them to gilts
Porcine parvovirus
99
Scientific name for Leptospirosis
Leptospira interrogans
100
Diagnosis for lepto
Culture (difficult)
| Dark field microscopy of fetal fluids
101
Treatment for lepto
Chlortetracycline in feed
102
When should you vaccinate for lepto?
Gilts twice before first breeding
| Sows before every breeding
103
Scientific name for Brucellosis
Brucella suis in
104
Clinical signs for Brucellosis
Abortion at any time in gestation
| Infertility
105
Greasy pig disease scientific name
Staphylococcus hyicus
106
Disease with exfoliation of skin, excess sebaceous secretion
Greasy pig disease
107
Treatment for greasy pig dz
Injectable penicillin, oxytetracycline
| Tetracyclines in feed
108
Swine pox affects pigs this age
less than 4 months
109
Clinical signs for swine pox
Papilla 1-6 mm in diameter
| Pustules, crusts, clear spontaneously
110
Diagnosis for swine pox
Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies
111
Treatment for swine pox
Not necessary
112
Erysipelas affect pigs this age
3months-3 yrs
113
Scientific name for swine lice
Haematopinus suis
114
Swine lice is an indicator of this
Poor management
115
Treatment for swine lice
Same as for mange
116
What causes baby pig anemia?
Iron deficiency
117
Clinical signs of baby pig anemia
Anemia within 2-3 days of birth
| Dyspnea, edema, pale skin, lethargy
118
Diagnosis of baby pig anemia
Clinical signs, CBC
119
Treatment for baby pig anemia
200mg iron dextran at 1-3 days of age
120
How can rectal prolapses be fixed?
With rectal tube or surgically
121
Hog cholera
Splenic infarction is pathognimonic
122
African swine fever
Hemorrhage in multiple areas
123
Most common internal parasite of swine
Roundworms
Large white round worm that are 8" long
124
How do roundworms affect the pig?
Compete for nutrients from pig in the small intestines
125
Where in the body are the roundworms found?
Small intestine
126
Female roundworms lay this many eggs per day
Up to 1,000,000 eggs per day
127
Why are roundworm eggs hard to get rid of in the environment?
Eggs are sticky
128
How long can roundworm eggs survive in the environment?
Years
129
Scientific name for roundworms
Ascaris suum
130
Where are roundworm eggs shed?
Feces
131
Roundworm eggs require how long to become effective?
2 weeks
132
Roundworm eggs hatch here
In the gut
133
Diagnosis of roundworm?
Egg in fecal flotation
134
Treatment for roundworms
Febendazole
Ivermectin
Levamisole
135
Size of whipworms
~2"
136
Where do whipworms live?
Cecum
137
How do adult whipworms affect the pig?
Burrow into the wall of the Cecil and large intestine damaging the gut
138
Scientific name for whipworm
Trichuris suis
139
Diagnosis for whipworm
Fecal float
| Adults on cecum and colon
140
Treatment for whipworms
Dichlorvos febendazole
Ivermectin
Levanisole
141
Winter disease
TGE
142
Epidemic form of TGE is in this age
All ages
143
Endemic for of TGE is in this age
1-8 weeks old
144
Signs of TGE in neonates
Watery diarrhea
UNDIGESTED MILK
Vomiting
High mortality rates
145
Treatment for Clostridial enteritis
Type C antitoxin
| Usually die too quickly
146
Coccidiosis can be found in this age
5 days old to weaning
147
This disease can cause purple markings on neck and ears
Salmonella
